Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
Neuroscience. 2019 Sep 15;416:221-228. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
The glare illusion enhances the perceived brightness of a central white area surrounded by a luminance gradient, without any actual change in light intensity. In this study, we measured the varied brightness and neurophysiological responses of electroencephalography (EEG) and pupil size with the several luminance contrast patterns of the glare illusion to address the question of whether the illusory brightness changes to the glare illusion process in the early visual cortex. We hypothesized that if the illusory brightness enhancement was created in the early stages of visual processing, the neural response would be similar to how it processes an actual change in light intensity. To test this, we observed the sustained visual cortical response of steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), while participants watched flickering dots displayed in the central white area of both the varied luminance contrast of glare illusion and a control stimulus (no glare condition). We found the SSVEP amplitude was lower in the glare illusion than in the control condition, especially under high luminance contrast conditions. Furthermore, we found the probable mechanisms of the inhibited SSVEP amplitude to the high luminance contrast of glare illusion based on the greater pupil constriction, thereby decreasing the amount of light entering the pupil. Thus, the brightness enhancement in the glare illusion is already represented at the primary stage of visual processing linked to the larger pupil constriction.
眩光错觉增强了被亮度梯度包围的中央白色区域的感知亮度，而没有任何实际的光强变化。在这项研究中，我们测量了几种眩光错觉的亮度对比模式下脑电图 (EEG) 和瞳孔大小的变化亮度和神经生理反应，以解决眩光错觉过程中早期视觉皮层的错觉亮度变化问题。我们假设，如果错觉亮度增强是在视觉处理的早期阶段产生的，那么神经反应将类似于处理实际光强变化的方式。为了验证这一点，我们观察了稳态视觉诱发电位 (SSVEP) 的持续视觉皮层反应，而参与者观看中央白色区域中闪烁的点，这些点显示在眩光错觉和对照刺激（无眩光条件）的不同亮度对比度下。我们发现，眩光错觉下的 SSVEP 振幅低于对照条件，尤其是在高亮度对比度条件下。此外，我们发现基于更大的瞳孔收缩，眩光错觉高亮度对比度下抑制 SSVEP 振幅的可能机制，从而减少进入瞳孔的光量。因此，眩光错觉中的亮度增强已经在与更大的瞳孔收缩相关的视觉处理的主要阶段得到表示。
