School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-Simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang 10 Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-Simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang 10 Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Health Place. 2019 Sep;59:102186. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102186. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
Previous studies have shown that perceptions of neighborhood safety are associated with various mental health outcomes. However, scant attention has been paid to the mediating pathways by which perception of neighborhood safety affects mental health. In addition, most previous studies have evaluated perception of neighborhood safety with questionnaires or field audits, both of which are labor-intensive and time-consuming. This study is the first attempt to measure perception of neighborhood safety using street view data and a machine learning approach. Four potential mediating pathways linking perception of neighborhood safety to mental health were explored for 1029 participants from 35 neighborhoods of Guangzhou, China. The results of multilevel regression models confirm that perception of neighborhood safety is positively associated with mental health. More importantly, physical activity, social cohesion, stress and life satisfaction mediate this relationship. The results of a moderation analysis suggest that the beneficial effects of physical activity and social cohesion on mental health are strengthened by a perception of neighborhood safety. Our findings suggest the need to increase residents' perception of neighborhood safety to maintain mental health in urban areas of China.
先前的研究表明，对邻里安全的感知与各种心理健康结果有关。然而，很少有人关注邻里安全感知影响心理健康的中介途径。此外，大多数先前的研究都是用问卷或实地审计来评估邻里安全感知，这两种方法都既耗费劳力又耗时。本研究首次尝试使用街景数据和机器学习方法来衡量邻里安全感知。针对来自中国广州 35 个街区的 1029 名参与者，探讨了将邻里安全感知与心理健康联系起来的四个潜在中介途径。多层次回归模型的结果证实，邻里安全感知与心理健康呈正相关。更重要的是，身体活动、社会凝聚力、压力和生活满意度在其中起到了中介作用。调节分析的结果表明，邻里安全感知增强了身体活动和社会凝聚力对心理健康的有益影响。我们的研究结果表明，有必要提高居民对邻里安全的感知，以维持中国城市地区的心理健康。
