Ashrafizadeh Milad, Yaribeygi Habib, Atkin Stephen L, Sahebkar Amirhossein
Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019 Jul-Aug;13(4):2445-2449. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.06.028. Epub 2019 Jun 28.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that has a complex molecular and cellular pathophysiology, resulting in its dynamic progression and that may show differing responses to therapy. The incidence of diabetes mellitus increases with age and requires additive therapeutic agents for its management. SGLT2i and DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are newly introduced antidiabetic drugs that work through differing mechanisms; DPP-4 inhibitors maintain the endogenous level of GLP1; GLP-1RA result in pharmacological levels of GLP1, whilst SGLT2i act on the proximal tubules of the kidney. They have shown efficacy in the management of diabetes and in contrast to other antidiabetic drugs, do not inherently cause hypoglycemia in therapeutic doses. Autophagy as a highly conserved mechanism to maintain cell survival and homeostasis by degradation of damaged or aged organelles and components, and recognised to be increasingly important in diabetes. In the present review, we discuss the modulatory effects of these newly introduced antidiabetic drugs on the autophagy process.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢紊乱疾病，其分子和细胞病理生理学复杂，导致病情动态进展，且对治疗可能表现出不同反应。糖尿病的发病率随年龄增长而增加，治疗需要多种治疗药物。钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2i）、二肽基肽酶4抑制剂（DPP-4抑制剂）和胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂（GLP-1RA）是新引入的抗糖尿病药物，作用机制不同；DPP-4抑制剂维持内源性胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP1）水平；GLP-1RA使GLP1达到药理水平，而SGLT2i作用于肾脏近端小管。它们在糖尿病治疗中已显示出疗效，与其他抗糖尿病药物不同，治疗剂量下本身不会引起低血糖。自噬是一种高度保守的机制，通过降解受损或老化的细胞器和成分来维持细胞存活和稳态，在糖尿病中越来越重要。在本综述中，我们讨论这些新引入的抗糖尿病药物对自噬过程的调节作用。
