Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 Nov 1;555:615-635. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.07.067. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
Specific ion effects in aqueous polymer solutions have been under active investigation over the past few decades. The current state-of-the-art research is primarily focused on the understanding of the mechanisms through which ions interact with macromolecules and affect their solution stability. Hence, we herein first present the current opinion on the sources of ion-specific effects and review the relevant studies. This includes a summary of the molecular mechanisms through which ions can interact with polymers, quantification of the affinity of ions for the polymer surface, a thermodynamic description of the effects of salts on polymer stability, as well as a discussion on the different forces that contribute to ion-polymer interplay. Finally, we also highlight future research issues that call for further scrutiny. These include fundamental questions on the mechanisms of ion-specific effects and their correlation with polymer properties as well as a discussion on the specific ion effects in more complex systems such as mixed electrolyte solutions.
几十年来，人们一直在积极研究水合聚合物溶液中的特殊离子效应。目前的前沿研究主要集中在理解离子与大分子相互作用并影响其溶液稳定性的机制上。因此，我们首先介绍了目前关于离子特异性效应来源的观点，并回顾了相关研究。这包括总结离子与聚合物相互作用的分子机制，定量离子对聚合物表面的亲和力，以及盐对聚合物稳定性影响的热力学描述，以及讨论对离子-聚合物相互作用有贡献的不同力。最后，我们还强调了需要进一步研究的未来研究问题。这些问题包括离子特异性效应的机制及其与聚合物性质的相关性的基本问题，以及在更复杂的系统（如混合电解质溶液）中讨论特殊离子效应的问题。
