Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Univerität München, Munich, Germany.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2019 Dec;19(12):747-760. doi: 10.1038/s41577-019-0202-z. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
Platelets are small anucleate cellular fragments that are released by megakaryocytes and safeguard vascular integrity through a process termed 'haemostasis'. However, platelets have important roles beyond haemostasis as they contribute to the initiation and coordination of intravascular immune responses. They continuously monitor blood vessel integrity and tightly coordinate vascular trafficking and functions of multiple cell types. In this way platelets act as 'patrolling officers of the vascular highway' that help to establish effective immune responses to infections and cancer. Here we discuss the distinct biological features of platelets that allow them to shape immune responses to pathogens and tumour cells, highlighting the parallels between these responses.
血小板是由巨核细胞释放的小型无核细胞碎片，通过称为“止血”的过程来保护血管完整性。然而，血小板在止血之外还有重要作用，因为它们有助于启动和协调血管内免疫反应。它们不断监测血管完整性，并紧密协调多种细胞类型的血管运输和功能。通过这种方式，血小板充当“血管高速公路的巡逻官”，有助于对感染和癌细胞建立有效的免疫反应。在这里，我们讨论了血小板的独特生物学特征，这些特征使它们能够塑造对病原体和肿瘤细胞的免疫反应，并强调了这些反应之间的相似之处。
