Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2019 Apr;149(4):489-496. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1267_17.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Substance use disorders are a major public health concern in Punjab. However, reliable estimates of prevalence of substance use disorders are not available for the State. The present study reports estimates of prevalence of substance use disorders in Punjab, conducted as part of National Mental Health Survey, India.
Using multistage stratified random cluster sampling, 2895 individuals from 719 households of 60 clusters (from 4 districts of Punjab) were interviewed. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale were used to assess substance use disorders.
The sample comprised almost equal numbers of males and females. Nearly 80 per cent had less than or equal to high school education, and 70 per cent were married. The weighted prevalence of alcohol and other substance use disorders was 7.9 and 2.48 per cent, respectively. The prevalence of tobacco dependence was 5.5 per cent; 35 per cent households had one person with substance use disorder. The prevalence was highest in the productive age group (30-39 yr), urban metro and less educated persons. The prevalence of alcohol and other substance use disorders was much higher in Punjab as compared to other States where survey was done. Tobacco dependence was lowest in Punjab. Majority (87%) of the persons with substance use disorders did not suffer from any other mental disorder. Treatment gap was 80 per cent.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Punjab has a high burden of substance use disorders. The estimates will help clinicians and policymakers to plan the strategies against the menace of substance use disorders effectively.
物质使用障碍是旁遮普邦的一个主要公共卫生问题。然而，该邦并没有可靠的物质使用障碍流行率估计数据。本研究报告了作为印度国家心理健康调查的一部分，在旁遮普邦进行的物质使用障碍流行率估计数据。
使用多阶段分层随机聚类抽样，从旁遮普邦（来自 4 个区的 4 个区）的 60 个聚类中的 719 个家庭中抽取了 2895 名个人进行访谈。使用迷你国际神经精神访谈和 Fagerstrom 尼古丁依赖量表评估物质使用障碍。
该样本中男性和女性的数量几乎相等。近 80%的人接受的教育程度低于或等于高中，70%的人已婚。酒精和其他物质使用障碍的加权流行率分别为 7.9%和 2.48%。烟草依赖的流行率为 5.5%；35%的家庭中有一人患有物质使用障碍。在生产年龄组（30-39 岁）、城市地铁和受教育程度较低的人群中，患病率最高。与其他进行调查的邦相比，旁遮普邦的酒精和其他物质使用障碍的患病率要高得多。烟草依赖在旁遮普邦最低。大多数（87%）患有物质使用障碍的人没有患任何其他精神障碍。治疗差距为 80%。
旁遮普邦物质使用障碍负担沉重。这些估计数据将帮助临床医生和决策者有效地制定针对物质使用障碍威胁的策略。
