Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2020 Feb;11(1):86-95. doi: 10.1017/S204017441900045X. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
The reported associations between birth weight and childhood cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the relationship between birth weight and CVD risk factors at 11 years of age. This study used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets (N = 22,136) in West Virginia; analysis was restricted to children born full-term (N = 19,583). The outcome variables included resting blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL, and triglycerides (TG)]. Multiple regression analyses were performed, adjusting for child's body mass index (BMI), sociodemographics, and lifestyle characteristics. Unadjusted analyses showed a statistically significant association between birth weight and SBP, DBP, HDL, and TG. When adjusted for the child's BMI, the association between birth weight and HDL [b = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.18) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] and between birth weight and TG [b = -0.007 (-0.008, -0.005) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] remained statistically significant. In the fully adjusted model, low birth weight was associated with higher LDL, non-HDL, and TGs, and lower HDL levels. The child's current BMI at 11 years of age partially (for HDL, non-HDL, and TG) and fully mediated (for SBP and DBP) the relationship between birth weight and select CVD risk factors. While effects were modest, these risk factors may persist and amplify with age, leading to potentially unfavorable consequences in later adulthood.
出生体重与儿童心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素之间的关联一直存在争议。在这项研究中，我们调查了出生体重与 11 岁时 CVD 风险因素之间的关系。该研究使用了西弗吉尼亚州三个横断面数据集的纵向链接数据（N=22136）；分析仅限于足月出生的儿童（N=19583）。结果变量包括静息血压[收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）]和血脂谱[总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯（TG）]。进行了多元回归分析，调整了儿童的体重指数（BMI）、社会人口统计学和生活方式特征。未调整分析显示，出生体重与 SBP、DBP、HDL 和 TG 之间存在统计学显著关联。当调整儿童的 BMI 时，出生体重与 HDL[每增加 1000 克 b=0.14（95%置信区间：0.11，0.18）mg/dl]和出生体重与 TG[b=-0.007（-0.008，-0.005）mg/dl 每增加 1000 克]之间的关联仍然具有统计学意义。在完全调整的模型中，低出生体重与 LDL、非 HDL 和 TG 升高以及 HDL 水平降低相关。儿童 11 岁时的当前 BMI 部分（对 HDL、非 HDL 和 TG）和完全（对 SBP 和 DBP）介导了出生体重与某些 CVD 风险因素之间的关系。虽然影响较小，但这些风险因素可能会随着年龄的增长而持续存在并放大，从而导致成年后期可能出现不利后果。
