Ghobadzadeh Maryam, Demerath Ellen W, Tura Yisehak
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, 5-140 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA,
J Immigr Minor Health. 2015 Aug;17(4):1070-7. doi: 10.1007/s10903-014-0051-6.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, glucose and blood lipid abnormalities among a community of Ethiopian immigrants in Minnesota. This cross-sectional study used data from the parish nursing program 2007-2012. A total of 673 encounters were included in this study. Various dependent variables including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood glucose (BG), and serum lipids were examined. High blood pressure was defined as a mean SBP equal to or higher than 140 mm/Hg and/or DBP equal to or higher than 90 mmHg. Elevated fasting glucose defined as levels equal to or higher than 126 mg/dL. High level of total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were defined as ≥240, ≥200, ≥160 and ≤40 mg/dL, respectively. General linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship of participants' age and gender, to the continuously distributed response variables, which included systolic and DBP, BG, TC, TG, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. This is a nonrandom sample of adult Ethiopian church members who were invited to participate in a parish nurse cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor screening program. Participants in this sample were 43 % male and 57 % female. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 30.1 % with a cut off mark of 140/90 mm/Hg. The prevalence of hypertension was 33 and 24 % among men than among women, respectively (p < 0.01). Of all participants, 12 % had BG level of equal to or higher than 126 mg/dL. Low levels of HDL were reported in 30 % of the participants (<40 mg/dL). A higher prevalence of high LDL level (20 %) was observed among women compared to those found in men (16 %). High TC levels (>240 mg/dL) were observed in 15 % of the women and 10 % of the men (p = 0.2). Higher SBP and DBP were significantly higher in male participants than their female counterparts (p < 0.05) and in contrast, women showed a significantly higher TC (p < 0.01) and LDL (0.05) and HDL (p < 0.001). Female participants also had higher BG than male participants but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). This opportunity sample suggests high prevalence of CVD risk factors in a community of Ethiopian-American adults, and a pressing need for more comprehensive and systematic assessment of chronic disease health needs in this growing community.
本研究的主要目的是调查明尼苏达州埃塞俄比亚移民社区中高血压、血糖和血脂异常的患病率。这项横断面研究使用了2007 - 2012年教区护理项目的数据。本研究共纳入673次就诊情况。对包括收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、血糖（BG）和血脂在内的各种因变量进行了检查。高血压定义为平均收缩压等于或高于140毫米汞柱和/或舒张压等于或高于90毫米汞柱。空腹血糖升高定义为水平等于或高于126毫克/分升。总胆固醇（TC）、总甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇高水平和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇低水平分别定义为≥240、≥200、≥160和≤40毫克/分升。使用一般线性回归模型来研究参与者的年龄和性别与连续分布的反应变量之间的关系，这些反应变量包括收缩压和舒张压、血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。这是一个非随机抽样的成年埃塞俄比亚教会成员样本，他们被邀请参加教区护士心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素筛查项目。该样本中的参与者男性占43%，女性占57%。以140/90毫米汞柱为临界值，高血压的总体患病率为30.1%。男性和女性的高血压患病率分别为33%和24%（p < 0.01）。在所有参与者中，12%的人血糖水平等于或高于126毫克/分升。30%的参与者报告高密度脂蛋白水平低（<40毫克/分升）。与男性（16%）相比，女性中观察到更高的低密度脂蛋白高水平患病率（20%）。15%的女性和10%的男性观察到总胆固醇水平高（>240毫克/分升）（p = 0.2）。男性参与者的收缩压和舒张压显著高于女性参与者（p < 0.05），相反，女性的总胆固醇（p < 0.01）、低密度脂蛋白（0.05）和高密度脂蛋白（p < 0.001）显著更高。女性参与者的血糖也高于男性参与者，但差异无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。这个机会样本表明埃塞俄比亚裔美国成年人社区中心血管疾病危险因素的患病率很高，并且迫切需要对这个不断增长的社区中慢性病健康需求进行更全面和系统的评估。
