Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
J Chromatogr A. 2019 Dec 20;1608:460424. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460424. Epub 2019 Aug 9.
Aristolochic acid (AA) I and AA II, which have been classified as carcinogenic to human and have been proven to be nephrotoxic, are bioactive ingredients of many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Thus, development of an efficient approach for separation and determination of AA I and AA II in biological samples and herbal plants is of significance. Herein, electromembrane extraction (EME) was for the first time used to separate AA I and AA II. It is noted that also for the first time 1-decanol was discovered and used as an efficient SLM solvent for EME of acidic compounds. The proposed EME system was used to extract AA I and AA II from urine samples (recovery≥68%). The approach of EME combined with LC-MS (EME-LC/MS) was evaluated using urine samples. The linear range for AA I and AA II was 10-1000 ng mL (R≥0.9970), and the limits of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) for AA I and AA II were 2.7 and 2.9 ng mL, respectively. Finally, this EME-LC/MS approach was employed to discover AA I and AA II in the herbal plants. In addition, using standard addition method, AA I in Aristolochicaceae-Liao Asarum (ALA) and Radix Aristolochice (RA) were 0.23 and 2044.13 μg g, and AA II in ALA and RA were 0 and 338.48 μg g, respectively. The repeatability of EME-LC/MS at all cases for both urine samples and herbal plants was below 15% (RSD-value). We believe that EME would be a useful tool to isolate bioactive ingredients of TCMs from complex samples for different purposes.
马兜铃酸 (AA) I 和 AA II 已被归类为人类致癌物质，并已被证明具有肾毒性，它们是许多中药 (TCM) 的生物活性成分。因此，开发一种有效的方法来分离和测定生物样品和草药中的 AA I 和 AA II 具有重要意义。在此，首次将电膜萃取 (EME) 用于分离 AA I 和 AA II。值得注意的是，1-癸醇也首次被发现并用作 EME 萃取酸性化合物的有效 SLM 溶剂。所提出的 EME 系统用于从尿液样品中提取 AA I 和 AA II（回收率≥68%）。使用尿液样品评估了 EME 与 LC-MS（EME-LC/MS）结合的方法。AA I 和 AA II 的线性范围为 10-1000ng mL（R≥0.9970），AA I 和 AA II 的检出限（LOD，S/N=3）分别为 2.7 和 2.9ng mL。最后，该 EME-LC/MS 方法用于发现草药中的 AA I 和 AA II。此外，使用标准添加法，马兜铃科细辛（ALA）和秦艽（RA）中的 AA I 分别为 0.23 和 2044.13μg g，ALA 和 RA 中的 AA II 分别为 0 和 338.48μg g。对于尿液样品和草药的所有情况，EME-LC/MS 的重复性均低于 15%（RSD 值）。我们相信，EME 将成为从复杂样品中分离 TCM 生物活性成分以用于不同目的的有用工具。
