Al-Hashel Jasem Yousef, Ahmed Samar Farouk, Alroughani Raed
Neurology Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Department of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Front Neurol. 2019 Jul 30;10:793. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00793. eCollection 2019.
Primary headaches are common in the pediatric and adolescent population and can be disabling for them and their families. We aimed to assess the prevalence and burden of primary headache disorders among children and adolescents in Kuwait. A cross-sectional community-based study included Kuwaiti population aged 6-17 years. They were randomly recruited from all six governorates of Kuwait using stratified multistage cluster sampling. The Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability, and Social Handicap and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) questionnaire for children and adolescents was used to collect the data. Data were collected from 3,423 subjects; 664 subjects were diagnosed as having primary headache disorders. The mean age was 12.61 ± 2.51 years and 64.2% were females. One year prevalence of headache was 19.4%. It was significantly prevalent in females compared to males (25.2% vs. 13.8%; < 0.001). Primary headache disorder significantly increased in age group 12-17 when compared to age group 6-11 years (25.8% vs. 10.4 %; < 0.001). One year primary headache prevalence showed non-significant differences in both males and females in age group 6-11 years (10.1% in males vs. 10.6% in females; < 0.79), while it was significantly higher in female vs. males (38.1% vs. 15.8%; < 0.001) in age group 12-17 years. Migraine prevalence was 10.9% followed by tension type headache (TTH) 6.2% and chronic headache 0.9%. Medical care utilization was reported in 67% of our cohort. The majority (95%) of the patients received symptomatic drugs for headache attacks and only 7.5% used preventive medication. The students with headache lost a mean of 1.29 ± 1.23 days of school, reported mean of 1.16 ± 1.50 days they could not do activities they had wanted to. Their parents lost a mean of 1.01 ± 1.02 days of work because of headaches of their children during the preceding 4 weeks of the study. The estimated 1 year prevalence of headache was 19.4% overall. Primary headache prevalence increased with age and it was more prevalent in female adolescents compared to males of the same age. Headache disorders in children/adolescents affect school and social activities as well as their parents work. The awareness for early diagnosis and preventive medications for headache in this age group may reduce the headache burden.
原发性头痛在儿童和青少年群体中很常见，会给他们及其家庭带来生活不便。我们旨在评估科威特儿童和青少年原发性头痛疾病的患病率和负担。一项基于社区的横断面研究纳入了6至17岁的科威特人群。他们通过分层多阶段整群抽样从科威特的所有六个省份中随机招募。使用针对儿童和青少年的头痛归因限制、残疾、社会障碍和参与受损（HARDSHIP）问卷来收集数据。共收集了3423名受试者的数据；664名受试者被诊断患有原发性头痛疾病。平均年龄为12.61±2.51岁，64.2%为女性。头痛的一年患病率为19.4%。女性的患病率显著高于男性（25.2%对13.8%；<0.001）。与6至11岁年龄组相比，12至17岁年龄组的原发性头痛疾病显著增加（25.8%对10.4%；<0.001）。在6至11岁年龄组中，男性和女性的一年原发性头痛患病率无显著差异（男性为10.1%，女性为10.6%；<0.79），而在12至17岁年龄组中，女性的患病率显著高于男性（38.1%对15.8%；<0.001）。偏头痛患病率为10.9%，其次是紧张型头痛（TTH）6.2%，慢性头痛0.9%。我们队列中有67%的人报告了医疗服务的使用情况。大多数患者（95%）接受了头痛发作的对症药物治疗，只有7.5%的人使用了预防性药物。患有头痛的学生平均缺课1.29±1.23天，报告称平均有1.16±1.50天无法进行他们想做的活动。在研究前的4周内，他们的父母因孩子头痛平均误工1.01±1.02天。总体估计的头痛一年患病率为19.4%。原发性头痛患病率随年龄增长而增加且在同龄女性青少年中比男性更普遍。儿童/青少年的头痛疾病会影响学校和社交活动以及他们父母的工作。提高对该年龄组头痛的早期诊断和预防性药物的认识可能会减轻头痛负担。
