School of Science, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
Monash Industry Palm Oil Research and Education Platfrom, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(15):2509-2525. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1650001. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a world leading anti-obesity functional cooking oil synthesized structural modification of conventional fats and oils. DAG exits in three stereoisomers namely -1,2-DAG, -1,3-DAG, and -2,3-DAG. DAG particularly -1,3-DAG demonstrated to have the potential in suppressing body fat accumulation and lowering postprandial serum triacylglycerol, cholesterol and glucose level. DAG also showed to improve bone health. This is attributed to DAG structure itself that caused it to absorb and digest different metabolic pathway than conventional fats and oils. With its purported health benefits, many studies attempt to enzymatically or chemically synthesis DAG through various routes. DAG has also received wide attention as low calorie fat substitute and has been incorporated into various food matrixes. Despite being claimed as healthy cooking oil the safety of DAG still remained uncertain. DAG was banned from sale as it was found to contain probable carcinogen glycidol fatty acid esters. The article aims to provide a comprehensive and latest review of DAG emphasizing on its structure and properties, safety and regulation, process developments, metabolism and beneficial health attributes as well as its applications in the food industry.
二酰基甘油（DAG）是一种通过对传统油脂进行结构修饰而合成的、具有世界领先水平的抗肥胖功能性食用油。DAG 有三种立体异构体，即 1,2-DAG、1,3-DAG 和 2,3-DAG。DAG，尤其是 1,3-DAG，具有抑制体脂肪积累和降低餐后血清三酰甘油、胆固醇和葡萄糖水平的潜力。DAG 还表现出改善骨骼健康的作用。这归因于 DAG 结构本身，导致其吸收和消化的代谢途径与传统油脂不同。鉴于其据称的健康益处，许多研究试图通过各种途径通过酶法或化学法合成 DAG。DAG 作为低热量脂肪替代品也受到了广泛关注，并已被纳入各种食品基质中。尽管被称为健康食用油，但 DAG 的安全性仍然不确定。DAG 因被发现含有可能的致癌物质缩水甘油脂肪酸酯而被禁止销售。本文旨在提供 DAG 的全面和最新综述，重点介绍其结构和性质、安全性和法规、工艺开发、代谢和有益的健康属性以及在食品工业中的应用。
