The macromolecular composition of noncalcified marine macroalgae.

The macromolecular composition of macroalgae influences nutrient flow and food quality in aquatic ecosystems and the value of macroalgae species for human consumption, aquaculture, biofuels, and other applications. We used literature data (125 publications, 1,117 observations) and a hierarchal Bayesian statistical model to estimate the average macromolecular composition, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate of macroalgae as a whole and at the phylum level. Our focus was on marine, noncalcified macroalgae sampled from wild-grown populations in the field. We found that the median macromolecular composition is 9.98% protein, 2.7% lipid, 48.5% carbohydrate, and 31.8% ash as percent dry weight. We compared the median macromolecular content of macroalgae to microalgae and herbaceous plants and test for differences in macromolecular content across macroalgal phyla. Macroalgae were much more enriched in carbohydrate and minerals than the microalgae and lower in protein and lipid than many herbaceous plants. Rhodophyte macroalgae have significantly less lipid and more protein and the Ochrophyte macroalgae have significantly less protein than the average.