Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Nov;76(22):4405-4406. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03271-6. Epub 2019 Aug 17.
The five articles in this multi-author review in CMLS provide examples of multi-functionality of proteins belonging to several families. Distinct structural features of proteins suggesting multi-functionality are emphasized: intrinsically disordered elements that can "mold" themselves to fit various binding partners, as well as short linear motifs within larger proteins that perform particular functions. Although only a few protein families are discussed in detail, the conclusions apply to numerous, if not all, proteins. Multi-functionality of virtually every protein implies that the manipulation of its expression levels by over-expression, knockdown, or knockout affects every one of its functions, known and unknown, so that the results of these experiments must be interpreted with this complexity in mind. Particular functions in a multi-functional protein are often fulfilled by identifiable smaller elements that can be expressed separately. Identification of mono-functional elements of a multi-functional protein paves the way to the construction of novel precisely targeted molecular tools for selective manipulation of cellular signaling that can be used for mechanistic studies in cell biology, as well as for therapeutic purposes.
这篇多作者综述中的五篇文章提供了属于几个家族的蛋白质多功能性的例子。文中强调了提示蛋白质多功能性的不同结构特征：具有内在无序元素的蛋白质可以“塑造”自身以适应各种结合伴侣，以及在较大蛋白质内发挥特定功能的短线性基序。尽管详细讨论了少数几种蛋白质家族，但这些结论适用于众多蛋白质，如果不是所有蛋白质的话。几乎每一种蛋白质的多功能性意味着通过过表达、敲低或敲除来操纵其表达水平会影响其所有已知和未知的功能，因此必须考虑到这种复杂性来解释这些实验的结果。多功能蛋白质中的特定功能通常由可单独表达的可识别较小的元素来完成。鉴定多功能蛋白质的单功能元件为构建新型精确靶向的分子工具开辟了道路，这些工具可用于选择性地操纵细胞信号传导，可用于细胞生物学的机制研究以及治疗目的。
