Porto Conte Ricerche S. r. l, S.P. 55 Porto Conte - Capo Caccia, Km 8.400, Loc. Tramariglio, Alghero, SS, Italy.
CNR - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Traversa la Crucca, 3 Li punti, Sassari, SS, Italy.
Metabolomics. 2019 Aug 17;15(8):113. doi: 10.1007/s11306-019-1578-2.
Mass insect rearing is becoming increasingly pursued by food and feed industry due to its high sustainability and low environmental impact. Yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) are conventionally reared on wheat bran (WB), but alternative substrates, such as several by-products of the agri-food industry, have shown good prospects for insect rearing.
The objective of this study was to investigate on the metabolic and nutritional response of yellow mealworm larvae to dried brewer's spent grains (BSG) and WB used as rearing substrates.
Proximate, fibre and fatty acid compositions of durum WB and dried BSG were first characterized. Mealworm larvae were fed either WB (WB-L) or BSG (BSG-L) in a trial reproducing a scale rearing condition. Feed efficiency parameters together with proximate and FA composition were determined. Metabolic pathways affected by the dietary treatments were evaluated by means of a targeted metabolomics approach. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectra were acquired on lipid and polar extracts of WB-L and BSG-L and then coupled to multivariate data analysis. Absolute quantitative H NMR data were carried out on selected metabolites.
BSG-L exhibited better feed conversion ratio and efficiency in conversion of ingested food (P < 0.05) and almost half fat content (P < 0.001) than WB-L. BSG-L also showed higher ω-3 and ω-6 poliunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001) and lower content of monounsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001) than WB-L. BSG-L mobilized body fat towards methylamine accumulation and led to enhanced trehalose catabolism.
Our findings are useful to gain knowledge on the metabolic features that finally affect growth and body composition in reared yellow mealworm larvae.
由于其高度可持续性和低环境影响，粮食和饲料工业越来越多地追求大规模饲养昆虫。黄粉虫幼虫（Tenebrio molitor）传统上以麦麸（WB）饲养，但一些农业食品工业的副产品等替代基质已显示出良好的昆虫饲养前景。
本研究的目的是研究黄粉虫幼虫对干啤酒糟（BSG）和用作饲养基质的 WB 的代谢和营养反应。
首先对硬质小麦 WB 和干 BSG 的近红外、纤维和脂肪酸组成进行了表征。在一项模拟大规模饲养条件的试验中，用 WB（WB-L）或 BSG（BSG-L）饲养黄粉虫幼虫。测定饲料效率参数以及饲料的组成和 FA 组成。通过靶向代谢组学方法评估受饮食处理影响的代谢途径。对 WB-L 和 BSG-L 的脂质和极性提取物进行质子核磁共振（H NMR）谱采集，然后与多元数据分析相结合。对选定代谢物进行绝对定量 H NMR 数据。
BSG-L 的饲料转化率和食物转化率均优于 WB-L（P<0.05），且脂肪含量几乎低一半（P<0.001）。BSG-L 还表现出更高的 ω-3 和 ω-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（P<0.001）和更低的单不饱和脂肪酸含量（P<0.001）。BSG-L 将体脂动员到甲基胺积累，并导致海藻糖分解代谢增强。
我们的研究结果有助于了解代谢特征，这些特征最终影响饲养的黄粉虫幼虫的生长和体组成。
