Fondevila Guillermo, Remiro Ana, Remón Sara, Fondevila Manuel
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, M Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 4;14(23):3505. doi: 10.3390/ani14233505.
Bread by-product and maize silage as substrates for larvae were studied in four isonitrogenous diets: a control substrate (CTL) made of wheat grain, wheat bran, and soybean meal and three diets where wheat grain and wheat bran were partly substituted with bread by-product (BBP) or with this and either a low (MSL) or high (MSH) proportion of maize silage (170 or 310 g/kg, respectively). Larval weight was weekly monitored, and the chemical composition of larvae and residual substrates was analyzed at the end of the experiment. Larvae fed CTL and BBP grew more than those fed MSL and MSH ( < 0.001). Feed intake was greatest for BBP ( < 0.001), and consequently, feed-to-gain ratio (F:G) was better for larvae fed CTL than BBP, and better for BBP than MSL and MSH ( < 0.001). Besides, total production of crude protein and ether extract were greater for CTL and BBP than for MSH and MSL ( < 0.001). The inclusion of bread by-product in the substrate did not affect growth performance, whereas diets including maize silage impaired larval growth, substrate intake, and F:G. Both by-products can be advantageously used for feeding larvae, but the impairments in growth performance should be considered to optimize production costs.
以面包副产品和玉米青贮饲料作为幼虫的底物，研究了四种等氮日粮：一种由小麦籽粒、麦麸和豆粕制成的对照底物（CTL），以及三种日粮，其中小麦籽粒和麦麸部分被面包副产品（BBP）替代，或者被面包副产品以及低比例（MSL）或高比例（MSH）的玉米青贮饲料（分别为170或310 g/kg）替代。每周监测幼虫体重，并在实验结束时分析幼虫和剩余底物的化学成分。饲喂CTL和BBP的幼虫比饲喂MSL和MSH的幼虫生长得更多（P<0.001）。BBP的采食量最大（P<0.001），因此，CTL组幼虫的料重比（F:G）优于BBP组，BBP组优于MSL和MSH组（P<0.001）。此外，CTL和BBP组的粗蛋白和乙醚提取物总产量高于MSH和MSL组（P<0.001）。底物中添加面包副产品不影响生长性能，而包含玉米青贮饲料的日粮会损害幼虫生长、底物摄入量和F:G。两种副产品都可有利地用于饲喂幼虫，但应考虑生长性能的损害以优化生产成本。
