Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.
Universitat de València, Spain.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Oct;36(19-20):9648-9669. doi: 10.1177/0886260519869078. Epub 2019 Aug 17.
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the relationships between forgiveness, motivations for revenge, avoidance, and benevolence; loneliness, emotional loneliness and positive subjective evaluation of the social network; and peer victimization in schools, relational, overt physical, and overt verbal, based on gender. A battery of instruments was administered to 617 Spanish students (50.7% boys and 49.3% girls), aged between 10 and 16 years ( = 13.04 years, = 1.80 years) from primary and secondary education. A multivariate analysis of variance and a multiple block regression for data analysis was used. Study results revealed that the most victimized students showed greater motivation for revenge and avoidance, as well as a greater perception of emotional loneliness and less positive subjective evaluation of their social network. In addition, the findings obtained in the regression analysis (stepwise) indicated that being a boy between 11 and 13 years old and having a high level of emotional loneliness and high avoidance motivation were the most important predictors of peer victimization. Finally, the findings and their possible implications in the design of intervention projects that encourage forgiveness in interpersonal conflicts and integration in social networks as preventive strategies of peer victimization were discussed.
本研究的目的在于分析宽恕、复仇动机、回避和仁慈之间的关系；孤独感、情感孤独感与对社会网络的积极主观评价之间的关系；以及基于性别在学校中同伴侵害的关系、公开身体和言语侵害。对来自小学和中学的 617 名西班牙学生（50.7%为男生，49.3%为女生）进行了一整套工具的测试，年龄在 10 至 16 岁之间（均数 = 13.04 岁，标准差 = 1.80 岁）。采用多元方差分析和数据的多元块回归分析进行分析。研究结果表明，受侵害程度最高的学生表现出更强的复仇和回避动机，以及更高的情感孤独感和更低的对其社会网络的积极主观评价。此外，回归分析（逐步）得出的结果表明，作为 11 至 13 岁的男孩，以及具有较高的情感孤独感和较高的回避动机，是同伴侵害的最重要预测因素。最后，讨论了研究结果及其在设计鼓励人际冲突中宽恕和融入社会网络作为同伴侵害预防策略的干预项目中的可能意义。
