Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China.
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, China.
Molecules. 2019 Aug 17;24(16):2985. doi: 10.3390/molecules24162985.
Ginsenoside Ro (Ro), a major saponin derived and isolated from C.A. Meyer, exerts multiple biological activities. However, the anti-tumour efficacy of Ro remains unclear because of its poor in vitro effects. In this study, we confirmed that Ro has no anti-tumour activity in vitro. We explored the anti-tumour activity of Ro in vivo in B16F10 tumour-bearing mice. The results revealed that Ro considerably suppressed tumour growth with no significant side effects on immune organs and body weight. Zingibroside R1, chikusetsusaponin IVa, and calenduloside E, three metabolites of Ro, were detected in the plasma of Ro-treated tumour-bearing mice and showed excellent anti-tumour effects as well as anti-angiogenic activity. The results suggest that the metabolites play important roles in the anti-tumour efficacy of Ro in vivo. Additionally, the haemolysis test demonstrated that Ro has good biocompatibility. Taken together, the findings of this study demonstrate that Ro markedly suppresses the tumour growth of B16F10-transplanted tumours in vivo, and its anti-tumour effects are based on the biological activity of its metabolites. The anti-tumour efficacy of these metabolites is due, at least in part, to its anti-angiogenic activity.
人参皂苷 Ro（Ro）是从 C.A. Meyer 中衍生和分离出来的主要皂苷，具有多种生物学活性。然而，由于其体外效果不佳，Ro 的抗肿瘤功效仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们证实 Ro 在体外没有抗肿瘤活性。我们在 B16F10 荷瘤小鼠中探索了 Ro 的体内抗肿瘤活性。结果表明，Ro 能显著抑制肿瘤生长，对免疫器官和体重无明显副作用。在 Ro 处理的荷瘤小鼠的血浆中检测到 Ro 的三种代谢产物，即姜烯苷 R1、柴胡皂苷 IVa 和梓醇苷 E，它们具有优异的抗肿瘤作用和抗血管生成活性。这些结果表明，代谢产物在 Ro 的体内抗肿瘤功效中发挥着重要作用。此外，溶血试验表明 Ro 具有良好的生物相容性。综上所述，本研究结果表明，Ro 显著抑制体内 B16F10 移植瘤的肿瘤生长，其抗肿瘤作用基于其代谢产物的生物学活性。这些代谢产物的抗肿瘤功效至少部分归因于其抗血管生成活性。
