Department of Anthropology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida.
Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Interculturales e Indígenas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2019 Dec;170(4):613-621. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23922. Epub 2019 Aug 19.
To characterize the paleodiet of individuals from Formative Period (1500 B.C.-A.D. 400) Atacama Desert sites of Ancachi and Quillagua as a means of understanding the dietary and cultural impacts of regional systems of exchange.
Thirty-one bone samples recovered from the cemetery of Ancachi (02QU175) and in/around the nearby town of Quillagua were the subject of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen and hydroxyapatite and multisource mixture modeling (FRUITS, food reconstruction using isotopic transferred signals) of paleodiet. These individuals were compared with nearly 200 other Formative Period individuals from throughout the region to identify differences in dietary behaviors.
80.6% (25/31) of the samples yielded sufficient well-preserved collagen and were included in the multisource mixture model. The FRUITS model, which compared individuals with a robust database of available foods from the region, identified a wide diversity of diets in the Ancachi/Quillagua area (including both coastal and interior individuals), and, most notably, thirteen individuals who consumed an average of 11.2 ± 1.9% terrestrial animals, 19.8 ± 1.9% legumes, and 22.5 ± 3.1% marine fauna, a balanced pattern of protein consumption distinct from both the coastal and inland individuals in our larger regional sample.
The combination of stable isotope analysis and multisource mixture modeling permitted the characterization of dietary behavior of 25 individuals from nodal sites in the Atacama Desert, thus enhancing our understanding of the economic and social relationships that bound together Formative Period sites, populations, and individuals in this hyperarid region.
通过分析安卡奇（Ancachi）和基利亚瓜（Quillagua）遗址出土的形成期（公元前 1500 年至公元 400 年）个体的古食谱，了解区域交换系统对饮食和文化的影响。
对安卡奇墓地（02QU175）和附近基利亚瓜镇内外出土的 31 个骨骼样本进行了骨胶原和羟磷灰石的碳氮稳定同位素分析，以及古食谱的多源混合模型（FRUITS，使用同位素转移信号进行食物重建）分析。将这些个体与该地区近 200 名其他形成期个体进行了比较，以确定饮食行为的差异。
31 个样本中有 80.6%（25/31）的样本提供了足够的保存完好的胶原，被纳入多源混合模型。FRUITS 模型将个体与该地区可用食物的强大数据库进行了比较，确定了安卡奇/基利亚瓜地区饮食的多样性（包括沿海和内陆个体），最值得注意的是，有 13 名个体的平均陆地动物摄入量为 11.2%±1.9%，豆类摄入量为 19.8%±1.9%，海洋动物摄入量为 22.5%±3.1%，这种蛋白质摄入的均衡模式与我们更大区域样本中的沿海和内陆个体都有所不同。
稳定同位素分析和多源混合模型的结合，使我们能够对来自阿塔卡马沙漠节点地点的 25 名个体的饮食行为进行特征描述，从而加深了我们对将形成期地点、人口和个体联系在一起的经济和社会关系的理解，这些个体都位于这个极度干旱的地区。
