Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.
State Police Health Service Department, Ministry of Interior , Rome , Italy.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 2019 Apr;49(4):329-341. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1621262. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
Among mercury-related intoxications, the re-emerging of mercuric chloride poisoning has been recently described in literature. Only sparse data, reporting the clinical symptoms, the anatomo-pathological findings, the analytical procedures or the treatment have been published and no exhaustive analysis of all these factors exists in literature. The classic symptoms associated with toxicity of mercuric chloride is a combination of renal, gastrointestinal (GI) and central nervous system (CNS) damages, eventually leading to death. Fatalities related to exposure to mercuric chloride have been reported since the nineteenth century. To date, there have been 45 published cases in the medical literature in which the intoxication or the death is attributed to mercuric chloride. In this review, we will describe the modern medical treatments, with particular attenztion to the developments of the lasts two decades, in order to provide an exhaustive description of the clinical symptoms, the findings, and the analytical procedures to act out when mercuric chloride intoxication occurs. The analysis of the data obtained permitted us to accurately describe all the organs and apparatus involved in mercuric chloride intoxication. The target organs were the kidneys, the GI tract and the CNS. A description of the analytical procedures for the determination of mercuric chloride in biological materials, to carry out and in samples has also been described.
在与汞有关的中毒中，近来文献中又出现了氯化汞中毒。只有少量数据报告了临床症状、解剖病理学发现、分析程序或治疗方法，文献中没有对所有这些因素进行全面分析。与氯化汞毒性相关的典型症状是肾脏、胃肠道（GI）和中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤的组合，最终导致死亡。自 19 世纪以来，已有因接触氯化汞而死亡的报道。迄今为止，在医学文献中已有 45 例因氯化汞中毒或死亡的病例。在这篇综述中，我们将描述现代医学治疗方法，特别关注过去二十年的发展，以便对氯化汞中毒时出现的临床症状、发现和分析程序进行全面描述。对获得的数据的分析使我们能够准确地描述所有涉及氯化汞中毒的器官和装置。目标器官是肾脏、胃肠道和中枢神经系统。还描述了用于在生物材料中测定氯化汞的分析程序，以及在各种样品中进行的分析程序。
