Nor Zarawi M Z M N, Yaacob Najib N M, Mohammad Jamilah A M
Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2019 Feb 4;14(2):123-130. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.01.002. eCollection 2019 Apr.
There is no standard mechanism for empathy guidance and counselling for medical students. This study aimed to determine the dimensionality and reliability of a questionnaire developed for establishing guidance and counselling for pre-clinical medical students at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM).
A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of the School of Medical Sciences of USM. The proposed USM Medical Students' Guidance and Counselling Needs (USM-MSGCN) questionnaire is a self-administered instrument that consists of 68 initial items developed from the recommendation of medical students, counsellors, and lecturers in the medical education department. To determine the dimensionality (construct validity) and reliability of the questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability analysis were conducted.
A total of 208 students participated in the study. Factor analysis revealed that the items were not unidimensional; four potential constructs could be extracted from the questionnaire, namely, self-leadership (7 items), communication (5 items), learning (5 items), and psychological coping skills (3 items), with factor loading ranges of 0.56-0.82, 0.56-0.88, 0.65-0.84, and 0.79-0.80, respectively. These domains had the following internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha): 0.89, 0.90, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively; the overall alpha value was 0.93.
Four factors, with 20 items in the USM-MSGCN questionnaire had good validity and reliability values when administered among the pre-clinical medical students.
目前尚无针对医学生的共情指导与咨询的标准机制。本研究旨在确定为马来西亚理科大学（USM）临床前医学生建立指导与咨询而开发的一份问卷的维度和信度。
对USM医学科学学院的本科医学生进行了一项横断面研究。拟议的USM医学生指导与咨询需求（USM-MSGCN）问卷是一种自填式工具，由68个初始项目组成，这些项目是根据医学生、咨询师以及医学教育部门讲师的建议制定的。为了确定问卷的维度（结构效度）和信度，进行了探索性因素分析和克朗巴哈α内部一致性信度分析。
共有208名学生参与了该研究。因素分析表明这些项目并非单维的；可以从问卷中提取四个潜在结构，即自我领导力（7个项目）、沟通（5个项目）、学习（5个项目）和心理应对技能（3个项目），其因素负荷范围分别为0.56 - 0.82、0.56 - 0.88、0.65 - 0.84和0.79 - 0.80。这些领域的内部一致性信度（克朗巴哈α）分别为：0.89、0.90、0.87和0.87；总体α值为0.93。
当在临床前医学生中进行施测时，USM-MSGCN问卷中的四个因素（共20个项目）具有良好的效度和信度值。
