Institute of Occupational Medicine and Social Medicine, Centre of Health and Society (CHS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Social Medicine, Centre of Health and Society (CHS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Germany.
Public Health. 2016 Mar;132:92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.12.014. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
The study identifies the prevalence of common mental disorders according to the patient health questionnaire (PHQ) and the use of psychotropic substances in a sample of currently enrolled medical students.
A cross-sectional survey with a self-administrated questionnaire.
All newly enrolled medical students at the University of Dusseldorf, with study beginning either in 2012 or 2013, respectively, were invited to participate. The evaluation was based on 590 completed questionnaires. Mental health outcomes were measured by the PHQ, including major depression, other depressive symptoms (subthreshold depression), anxiety, panic disorders and psychosomatic complaints. Moreover, information about psychotropic substances use (including medication) was obtained. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate associations between sociodemographic and socio-economic factors and mental health outcomes.
The prevalence rates, measured by the PHQ, were 4.7% for major depression, 5.8% for other depressive symptoms, 4.4% for anxiety, 1.9% for panic disorders, and 15.7% for psychosomatic complaints. These prevalence rates were higher than those reported in the general population, but lower than in medical students in the course of medical training. In all, 10.7% of the students reported regular psychotropic substance use: 5.1% of students used medication 'to calm down,' 4.6% 'to improve their sleep,' 4.4% 'to elevate mood,' and 3.1% 'to improve cognitive performance.' In the fully adjusted model, expected financial difficulties were significantly associated with poor mental health (odds ratio [OR]: 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-3.48), psychosomatic symptoms (OR:1.85; 95% CI: 1.11-3.09) and psychotropic substances use (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.51-4.75).
The high rates of mental disorders among currently enrolled medical students call for the promotion of mental health, with a special emphasis on vulnerable groups.
本研究根据患者健康问卷（PHQ）和精神活性物质使用情况，确定当前入读医学生样本中常见精神障碍的流行率。
一项横断面调查，采用自填式问卷。
分别邀请 2012 年和 2013 年开始学习的杜塞尔多夫大学所有新入学的医学生参加。评估基于 590 份完成的问卷。使用 PHQ 评估心理健康结果，包括重性抑郁、其他抑郁症状（阈下抑郁）、焦虑、惊恐障碍和心身症状。此外，还获得了精神活性物质使用（包括药物）的信息。采用多变量逻辑回归分析估计社会人口统计学和社会经济因素与心理健康结果之间的关联。
PHQ 测量的患病率分别为：重性抑郁 4.7%、其他抑郁症状 5.8%、焦虑 4.4%、惊恐障碍 1.9%、心身症状 15.7%。这些患病率高于一般人群，但低于医学生在医学培训过程中的患病率。总的来说，10.7%的学生报告经常使用精神活性物质：5.1%的学生使用药物“镇静”，4.6%的学生使用药物“改善睡眠”，4.4%的学生使用药物“改善情绪”，3.1%的学生使用药物“提高认知表现”。在完全调整的模型中，预计经济困难与心理健康状况不佳（比值比[OR]：2.14；95%置信区间[CI]：1.31-3.48）、心身症状（OR：1.85；95% CI：1.11-3.09）和精神活性物质使用（OR：2.68；95% CI：1.51-4.75）显著相关。
目前入读医学生中精神障碍的高发病率呼吁促进心理健康，特别关注弱势群体。
