Assari Shervin, Lankarani Maryam Moghani
Department of Psychiatry, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Int J Epidemiol Res. 2017 Summer;3(12):185-193. doi: 10.15171/ijer.2017.02.
The aim of this study was to explore ethnic differences in demographic and socioeconomic determinants of poor physical and mental self-rated health (SRH) in the United States.
We used data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES) 2001-2003, which included a national household probability sample of 18237 individuals including 520 Vietnamese, 508 Filipino, 600 Chinese, 656 other Asian, 577 Cuban, 495 Puerto Rican, 1442 Mexican, 1106 other Hispanic, 4746 African American, and 7587 non-Latino Whites. Demographic factors (age and gender), socioeconomic factors (education and income), body mass index (BMI), and physical and mental SRH were measured. Pearson correlation was used to explore correlates of physical and mental SRH across ethnic groups.
While age was positively associated with poor physical SRH, ethnic groups differed in the effect of age on mental SRH. Age was positively associated with mental SRH among Vietnamese, Filipino, Chinese, Cuban, Puerto Rican, and African American individuals, but this was not so for other Asians, Mexicans, other Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites. Chinese and Cubans were the only groups where female gender was associated with poor physical and mental SRH. With other Asians being an exception, education and income were protective against poor physical and mental SRH in all ethnic groups. Ethnic groups also differed in how their mental and physical SRH reflect BMI.
Demographic and socioeconomic determinants of physical and mental SRH vary across ethnic groups. Poor physical and mental SRH are differently shaped by social determinants across ethnic groups. These ethnic differences may cause bias in health measurement in ethnically diverse populations.
本研究旨在探讨美国不同种族人群在身心健康自评健康状况（SRH）的人口统计学和社会经济决定因素方面的差异。
我们使用了2001 - 2003年协作精神病流行病学调查（CPES）的数据，该数据包括一个全国性的家庭概率样本，共18237人，其中有520名越南人、508名菲律宾人、600名中国人、656名其他亚洲人、577名古巴人、495名波多黎各人、1442名墨西哥人、1106名其他西班牙裔、4746名非裔美国人以及7587名非拉丁裔白人。测量了人口统计学因素（年龄和性别）、社会经济因素（教育程度和收入）、体重指数（BMI）以及身心健康自评健康状况。采用Pearson相关性分析来探讨不同种族群体中心理和生理自评健康状况的相关因素。
虽然年龄与身体自评健康状况不佳呈正相关，但不同种族群体中年龄对心理自评健康状况的影响存在差异。在越南人、菲律宾人、中国人、古巴人、波多黎各人和非裔美国人中，年龄与心理自评健康状况呈正相关，但在其他亚洲人、墨西哥人、其他西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人中并非如此。中国人和古巴人是仅有的女性性别与身心健康自评健康状况不佳相关的群体。除其他亚洲人外，教育程度和收入在所有种族群体中都对身心健康自评健康状况不佳起到保护作用。不同种族群体在心理和生理自评健康状况如何反映BMI方面也存在差异。
身心健康自评健康状况的人口统计学和社会经济决定因素在不同种族群体中各不相同。不同种族群体的身心健康自评健康状况受到社会决定因素的影响方式不同。这些种族差异可能会在种族多样化的人群中导致健康测量的偏差。
