Dihlmann S, Peters A S, Hakimi M
Klinik für Gefäßchirurgie und endovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Pathologe. 2019 Sep;40(5):559-572. doi: 10.1007/s00292-019-00656-z.
Arteriosclerosis is the general term for a group of arterial vascular diseases characterized by arterial wall thickening and loss of elasticity, which are caused by different biological processes. The most commonly used classification defines four distinct histopathological types: arteriolosclerosis, medial sclerosis, fibromuscular intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. The pathobiological remodeling of the arterial wall essentially represents different repair responses of vascular cells to molecular stress factors and microlesions. This article should contribute to the clarification of the nomenclature and the histopathological classification of the disease symptoms, to elucidate the biological processes underlying the different pathologies during arteriosclerosis and to raise awareness for these differences, because these can decisively contribute to the success of selected treatment modalities.
动脉硬化是一组动脉血管疾病的统称，其特征是动脉壁增厚和弹性丧失，由不同的生物学过程引起。最常用的分类定义了四种不同的组织病理学类型：小动脉硬化、中层硬化、纤维肌性内膜增生和动脉粥样硬化。动脉壁的病理生物学重塑本质上代表了血管细胞对分子应激因素和微损伤的不同修复反应。本文应有助于澄清疾病症状的命名和组织病理学分类，阐明动脉硬化不同病理过程背后的生物学过程，并提高对这些差异的认识，因为这些差异可对所选治疗方式的成功起到决定性作用。
