Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at LSHTM, Banjul, The Gambia.
West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Science. 2019 Aug 23;365(6455):813-816. doi: 10.1126/science.aav5427.
Understanding genomic variation and population structure of across Africa is necessary to sustain progress toward malaria elimination. Genome clustering of 2263 isolates from 24 malaria-endemic settings in 15 African countries identified major western, central, and eastern ancestries, plus a highly divergent Ethiopian population. Ancestry aligned to these regional blocs, overlapping with both the parasite's origin and with historical human migration. The parasite populations are interbred and shared genomic haplotypes, especially across drug resistance loci, which showed the strongest recent identity-by-descent between populations. A recent signature of selection on chromosome 12 with candidate resistance loci against artemisinin derivatives was evident in Ghana and Malawi. Such selection and the emerging substructure may affect treatment-based intervention strategies against malaria.
了解非洲各地疟原虫的基因组变异和种群结构对于维持消除疟疾的进展是必要的。对来自非洲 15 个国家 24 个疟疾流行地区的 2263 个疟原虫分离株进行基因组聚类分析，确定了主要的西部、中部和东部血统，加上一个高度分化的埃塞俄比亚种群。这些血统与这些区域块相关联，与寄生虫的起源和人类历史迁徙相重叠。寄生虫种群相互杂交，并共享基因组单倍型，特别是在耐药性基因座上，这些基因座在种群之间表现出最强的最近的同源关系。在加纳和马拉维，12 号染色体上对青蒿素衍生物有候选抗性基因座的选择最近的特征是明显的。这种选择和新兴的亚结构可能会影响基于治疗的疟疾干预策略。
