Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, United States; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Detroit, MI, 48202, United States.
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, United States; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Detroit, MI, 48202, United States.
Infant Behav Dev. 2019 Nov;57:101351. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101351. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
This study describes maternal and infant contributions to dyadic affective exchanges during the Still-Face Paradigm (SFP) in an understudied mostly low-income sample. One hundred eleven mothers and their 7-month-old infants were videotaped during the SFP to analyze how a social stressor affects mother-infant positive and negative affective exchanges during interaction. The SFP includes 3 episodes: baseline, maternal still-face, and reunion. Maternal and infant positive and negative affect were scored by masked reliable coders. Data were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to test the hypotheses that each partner's affectivity during the baseline episode would predict their own affectivity during the reunion episode (actor effects). We also expected that each partner's affectivity during the baseline episode would influence the other partner's affectivity during the reunion episodes (partner effects). After controlling for infant sex and maternal education, results provided evidence for actor effects for maternal and infant positive affect, and for partner effects for maternal baseline positive affect to infant positive affect during the reunion. One significant partner effect was observed for negative affect: Infant negativity during baseline predicted greater maternal negativity during reunion. Findings confirm that both mothers and infants contribute to dyadic affective processes during the SFP but specific findings vary depending on the affective valence in question. Clinical implications and future research are discussed.
本研究描述了在一个研究较少的以低收入人群为主的样本中，母婴双方在静止面孔范式（SFP）中对二元情感交流的贡献。本研究对 111 位母亲及其 7 个月大的婴儿进行了录像，以分析社会压力源如何影响互动过程中母婴之间的积极和消极情感交流。SFP 包括 3 个阶段：基线期、母亲静止面孔期和重聚期。由经过盲法验证的可靠编码员对母婴的积极和消极情绪进行评分。使用演员-伙伴相互依存模型来分析数据，以检验以下假设：在基线期，每个伙伴的情感状态将预测他们在重聚期的情感状态（演员效应）。我们还期望每个伙伴在基线期的情感状态会影响对方在重聚期的情感状态（伙伴效应）。在控制了婴儿性别和母亲教育程度后，结果为母婴积极情感的演员效应以及母婴基线期积极情感对重聚期婴儿积极情感的伙伴效应提供了证据。消极情感方面观察到一个显著的伙伴效应：婴儿在基线期的消极性预测了他们在重聚期的母亲的消极性更大。研究结果证实，母亲和婴儿在 SFP 中都为二元情感过程做出了贡献，但具体发现因所涉及的情感效价而异。文章还讨论了临床意义和未来的研究方向。
