Kahi Charles J
Indiana University School of Medicine, Roudebush VA Medical Center, 1481 West 10th Street, 111G, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2019 Oct;29(4):577-585. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Colonoscopic polypectomy is fundamental to effective prevention of colorectal cancer. Polypectomy reduces colorectal cancer incidence and mortality by altering the natural history and progression of precancerous precursor polyps. Epidemiologic data from the United States, where colorectal cancer rates have been steadily declining in parallel with screening efforts, provide indisputable evidence about the effectiveness of polypectomy. Randomized controlled trials of fecal occult blood tests and flexible sigmoidoscopy, and observational colonoscopy studies, provide additional support. Longitudinal studies have shown variable levels of protection after polypectomy, highlighting the central importance of high quality and adequate surveillance of higher-risk patients.
结肠镜息肉切除术是有效预防结直肠癌的基础。息肉切除术通过改变癌前息肉的自然史和进展过程来降低结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率。来自美国的流行病学数据表明，随着筛查工作的开展，结直肠癌发病率一直在稳步下降，这为息肉切除术的有效性提供了无可争议的证据。粪便潜血试验和乙状结肠镜检查的随机对照试验以及观察性结肠镜研究也提供了额外支持。纵向研究表明，息肉切除术后的保护水平各不相同，这突出了对高危患者进行高质量和充分监测的核心重要性。
