Holmes Benjamin Dean, Brazauskas Ruta, Ameh Emmanuel Adoyi, Olaomi Oluwole Olayemi, Cassidy Laura Dawn
Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States.
National Hospital Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 May 28;33:60. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.60.17565. eCollection 2019.
This study evaluates characteristics and risk factors of traumatic spinal injuries (TSIs) treated at a trauma center in Abuja, Nigeria. TSIs are a global concern. They are frequently disabling, leading to economic, workforce, and quality of life strain. Little is known of the epidemiology of TSIs in Nigeria.
Data were collected from National Hospital Abuja's trauma registry on 3025 patients treated at the hospital between 2014 and 2017. Patient characteristics were compared between spinal and nonspinal injury groups. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of TSIs.
15% (452) of all injuries were spinal. Road traffic crashes were a significantly greater cause of spinal (77.4%) than nonspinal (59.4%) injuries (p<0.0001). Pedestrians were involved in 19% (356) of total crashes, occupying a significantly larger proportion of spinal (18.6%) than nonspinal (10.6%) injuries (p<0.0001). Three variables were modeled as risk factors of crash-related TSIs: mode of transportation, age, and gender. Only mode of transportation demonstrated statistical significance, with involvement as a pedestrian showing an adjusted odds ratio of 1.38 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.85, p=0.0329).
Determining characteristics and risk factors of TSIs is an essential step in addressing this health concern in Nigeria. Crashes are a significant cause of TSIs, and a quarter of TSI patients involved in a crash are pedestrians. Involvement in a crash as a pedestrian is associated with high risk of TSI. These results can help guide both the development of spinal injury prevention policies and the allocation of resources.
本研究评估了在尼日利亚阿布贾一家创伤中心接受治疗的创伤性脊髓损伤（TSI）的特征和风险因素。TSI是一个全球性问题。它们常常导致残疾，造成经济、劳动力和生活质量方面的压力。对于尼日利亚TSI的流行病学情况，人们了解甚少。
从阿布贾国家医院的创伤登记处收集了2014年至2017年间在该医院接受治疗的3025名患者的数据。对脊髓损伤组和非脊髓损伤组的患者特征进行了比较。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来确定TSI的风险因素。
所有损伤中有15%（452例）为脊髓损伤。道路交通事故导致脊髓损伤的比例（77.4%）显著高于非脊髓损伤（59.4%）（p<0.0001）。行人参与了19%（356起）的总事故，在脊髓损伤中所占比例（18.6%）显著高于非脊髓损伤（10.6%）（p<0.0001）。将三个变量作为与碰撞相关的TSI的风险因素进行建模：交通方式、年龄和性别。只有交通方式具有统计学意义，行人参与事故的调整优势比为1.38（95%置信区间：1.03-1.85，p=0.0329）。
确定TSI的特征和风险因素是解决尼日利亚这一健康问题的关键一步。交通事故是TSI的一个重要原因，四分之一的TSI患者是行人。行人参与交通事故与TSI的高风险相关。这些结果有助于指导脊髓损伤预防政策的制定和资源分配。
