Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Adv Mater. 2019 Oct;31(41):e1903789. doi: 10.1002/adma.201903789. Epub 2019 Aug 25.
Sensitive, specific, yet multifunctional tattoo-like electronics are ideal wearable systems for "any time, any where" health monitoring because they can virtually become parts of the human skin, offering a burdenless "unfeelable" wearing experience. A skin-like, multifunctional electronic tattoo made entirely from gold using a standing enokitake-mushroom-like vertically aligned nanowire membrane in conjunction with a programmable local cracking technology is reported. Unlike previous multifunctional systems, only a single material type is needed for the integrated gold circuits involved in interconnects and multiplexed specific sensors, thereby avoiding the use of complex multimaterials interfaces. This is possiblebecause the programmable local cracking technology allows for the arbitrary fine-tuning of the properties of elastic gold conductors from strain-insensitive to highly strain-sensitive simply by adjusting localized crack size, shape, and orientations-a capability impossible to achieve with previous bulk cracking technology. Furthermore, in-plane integration of strain/pressure sensors, anisotropic orientation-specific sensors, strain-insensitive stretchable interconnects, temperature sensors, glucose sensors, and lactate sensors without the need of soldering or gluing are demonstrated. This strategy opens a new general route for the design of next-generation wearable electronic tattoos.
敏感、特异且多功能的纹身式电子器件是理想的可穿戴系统，可用于“随时随地”的健康监测，因为它们几乎可以成为人体皮肤的一部分，提供无负担的“无感”佩戴体验。本文报道了一种完全由金制成的类皮肤多功能电子纹身，该纹身采用直立金针菇状垂直排列纳米线膜结合可编程局部开裂技术。与以前的多功能系统不同，用于互连和多路复用特定传感器的集成金电路仅需要单一材料类型，从而避免了使用复杂的多材料界面。这是因为可编程局部开裂技术允许通过简单地调整局部裂纹的大小、形状和方向，对弹性金导体的性质进行任意微调，从应变不敏感到高度应变敏感，而这是以前的整体开裂技术无法实现的。此外，无需焊接或粘贴即可演示平面内应变/压力传感器、各向异性定向传感器、应变不敏感可拉伸互连、温度传感器、葡萄糖传感器和乳酸盐传感器。该策略为下一代可穿戴电子纹身的设计开辟了一条新的通用途径。
