IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2020 Jan;26(1):109-118. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934790. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
While previous work exists on how to conduct and disseminate insights from problem-driven visualization projects and design studies, the literature does not address how to accomplish these goals in transdisciplinary teams in ways that advance all disciplines involved. In this paper we introduce and define a new methodological paradigm we call design by immersion, which provides an alternative perspective on problem-driven visualization work. Design by immersion embeds transdisciplinary experiences at the center of the visualization process by having visualization researchers participate in the work of the target domain (or domain experts participate in visualization research). Based on our own combined experiences of working on cross-disciplinary, problem-driven visualization projects, we present six case studies that expose the opportunities that design by immersion enables, including (1) exploring new domain-inspired visualization design spaces, (2) enriching domain understanding through personal experiences, and (3) building strong transdisciplinary relationships. Furthermore, we illustrate how the process of design by immersion opens up a diverse set of design activities that can be combined in different ways depending on the type of collaboration, project, and goals. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential pitfalls of design by immersion.
虽然之前已经有关于如何进行和传播问题驱动的可视化项目和设计研究的见解的工作，但文献并没有解决如何以推进所有相关学科的方式在跨学科团队中实现这些目标。在本文中，我们介绍并定义了一种新的方法学范例，我们称之为沉浸式设计，它为问题驱动的可视化工作提供了一个替代视角。沉浸式设计通过让可视化研究人员参与目标领域的工作（或让领域专家参与可视化研究），将跨学科经验嵌入到可视化过程的中心。基于我们自己在跨学科、问题驱动的可视化项目中的联合经验，我们提出了六个案例研究，揭示了沉浸式设计所带来的机会，包括（1）探索新的受领域启发的可视化设计空间，（2）通过个人经验丰富领域理解，以及（3）建立强大的跨学科关系。此外，我们还说明了沉浸式设计的过程如何开辟了一系列不同的设计活动，可以根据合作类型、项目和目标以不同的方式组合。最后，我们讨论了沉浸式设计的挑战和潜在陷阱。
