Li Fengpeng, Shah Ali Mujtaba, Wang Zhisheng, Peng Quanhui, Hu Rui, Zou Huawei, Tan Cui, Zhang Xiangfei, Liao Yupeng, Wang Yongjie, Wang Xueying, Zeng Lei, Xue Bai, Wang Lizhi
Key Laboratory for cattle low carbon cultivation and safety production of Sichuan province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Department of Livestock Production, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Aug 23;9(9):599. doi: 10.3390/ani9090599.
The intensity and specialization of beef cattle production make off-site fattening, and introduce new breeds need transportation to achieve the goals. The present study was aimed to investigate effects of land transport stress on hormones levels, microbial fermentation, microbial composition, immunity and correlation among them among Simmental Crossbred Cattle (SC), Native Yellow Cattle (NY), and Cattle Yak (CY). High-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the rumen microbial diversity. After transport stress cortisol (COR), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β were increased ( < 0.05) in all groups. Rumen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was increased ( < 0.05) in SC and CY groups. Total volatile fatty acids were increased ( < 0.05) in all groups. The ruminal microbiota about OTUs, Chao1, and Shannon in SC and CY groups were higher than before transport. in NY group was higher ( < 0.05) than other groups before transport; after transport Firmicutes and Lactobacillus were increased ( < 0.05) than other groups in CY. Lactobacillus was positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-4. Under transport stress, cattle may suffer from inflammatory response through modulating HPA axis and microbiota metabolite affects the secretion of hormone levels and immune function and breeds factor affect the performance of stress resistance.
肉牛生产的强度和专业化使得异地育肥以及引入新品种需要通过运输来实现目标。本研究旨在调查陆地运输应激对西门塔尔杂交牛（SC）、本地黄牛（NY）和牦牛（CY）的激素水平、微生物发酵、微生物组成、免疫力及其之间相关性的影响。采用高通量测序技术研究瘤胃微生物多样性。运输应激后，所有组的皮质醇（COR）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）以及促炎细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β均升高（P<0.05）。SC组和CY组的瘤胃脂多糖（LPS）升高（P<0.05）。所有组的总挥发性脂肪酸均升高（P<0.05）。SC组和CY组的瘤胃微生物群在OTU、Chao1和Shannon指数方面高于运输前。NY组在运输前高于其他组（P<0.05）；运输后，CY组的厚壁菌门和乳酸杆菌属比其他组增加（P<0.05）。乳酸杆菌属与IL-6和IL-4呈正相关。在运输应激下，牛可能通过调节HPA轴遭受炎症反应，微生物群代谢产物影响激素水平和免疫功能的分泌，品种因素影响抗应激性能。
