Queen Margaret University, UK.
City of Edinburgh Council, UK.
Autism. 2020 Feb;24(2):447-469. doi: 10.1177/1362361319871756. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
Visual supports are recommended in autism spectrum disorder clinical guidelines. They can reduce anxiety, increase predictability, support communication and improve participation. They are implemented regularly in schools, but evidence about home visual supports is limited. This article reports results of a scoping literature review, alongside qualitative evaluation with parents and professionals. We report findings from 34 studies, identifying four categories of visual support and heterogeneity in participant characteristics, intervention methods, environments and outcome measures. Qualitative data from questionnaires (n = 101) and focus groups generated key themes about home visual supports, through thematic analysis: (1) Accessibility, (2) Participation-focussed (3) Individualisation, (4) Teaching Methods, (5) Consistency, and (6) Information and Training. We propose consensus with terminology and implications for practice and research.
自闭症谱系障碍临床指南中推荐使用视觉支持。它们可以减轻焦虑，增加可预测性，支持沟通并提高参与度。它们在学校中经常实施，但有关家庭视觉支持的证据有限。本文报告了一项范围界定文献综述的结果，以及与父母和专业人员进行的定性评估。我们报告了 34 项研究的结果，确定了视觉支持的四个类别，并在参与者特征、干预方法、环境和结果测量方面存在异质性。来自问卷调查（n = 101）和焦点小组的定性数据通过主题分析生成了关于家庭视觉支持的关键主题：（1）可及性，（2）以参与为重点，（3）个性化，（4）教学方法，（5）一致性和（6）信息和培训。我们提出了术语方面的共识以及对实践和研究的影响。
