École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional (ÉSAD), Université Laval, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, bureau FAS-1616 2325, allée des Bibliothèques, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
École de nutrition, Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Pavillon des Services, Université Laval, 2440, boul. Hochelaga, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2019 Dec;110(6):805-815. doi: 10.17269/s41997-019-00239-8. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
Food security intervention is particularly complex in rural areas. The local stakeholders of the regional county municipality (RCM) of Portneuf wished to analyze the regional food supply in order to reduce food insecurity. The objective of this study was to characterize the RCM's food environment and to identify potential food deserts and priority intervention areas.
We measured the quality of the food supply in the RCM's food stores, using four indicators: freshness, diversity, economic accessibility and relative availability. We mapped the distance between residences and the nearest food store with a favourable result for all four indices to locate potential food deserts. We then presented the mapping of the food environment to a group of local stakeholders and compared it to their own perception.
This study reveals three sectors that meet the criteria of a food desert in the RCM. Local actors did not perceive these sectors as food deserts, but thought they were at risk of becoming such in the future. We complemented the measures by taking into account the structuring impact of certain infrastructures as well as the temporal and seasonal accessibility of food stores in rural areas. Only one priority intervention area was suggested.
Presenting geographical analyses to local stakeholders improved the characterization of the studied food environment. The use of a mixed methodology has enabled the particularities of the rural environment to be better accounted for and has facilitated intersectoral mobilization around food insecurity at the regional level.
农村地区的食品安全干预措施特别复杂。波恩弗地区县（RCM）的当地利益相关者希望分析该地区的食品供应情况，以减少粮食不安全。本研究的目的是描述 RCM 的食品环境，并确定潜在的粮食短缺地区和优先干预领域。
我们使用四个指标来衡量 RCM 食品店的食品供应质量：新鲜度、多样性、经济可及性和相对可得性。我们绘制了居民与最近的食品店之间的距离图，这些食品店在所有四个指标上都有良好的结果，以确定潜在的粮食短缺地区。然后，我们向一组当地利益相关者展示了食品环境的映射，并将其与他们自己的看法进行了比较。
本研究揭示了 RCM 中符合粮食短缺地区标准的三个区域。当地利益相关者并未将这些区域视为粮食短缺地区，但认为它们未来有成为此类地区的风险。我们通过考虑某些基础设施的结构影响以及农村地区食品店的时间和季节性可及性，对这些措施进行了补充。仅建议了一个优先干预区。
向当地利益相关者展示地理分析可以更好地描述所研究的食品环境。混合方法的使用使人们能够更好地考虑农村环境的特殊性，并促进了区域层面上围绕粮食不安全问题的跨部门动员。
