Zhu Shuang, Gong Linji, Li Yijian, Xu Haiwei, Gu Zhanjun, Zhao Yuliang
CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.
College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2019 Jun 20;6(16):1802289. doi: 10.1002/advs.201802289. eCollection 2019 Aug 21.
The production and application of nanomaterials have grown tremendously during last few decades. The widespread exposure of nanoparticles to the public is provoking great concerns regarding their toxicity to the human body. However, in comparison with the extensive studies carried out to examine nanoparticle toxicity to the human body/organs, one especially vulnerable organ, the eye, is always neglected. Although it is a small part of the body, 90% of outside information is obtained via the ocular system. In addition, eyes usually directly interact with the surrounding environment, which may get severer damage from toxic nanoparticles compared to inner organs. Therefore, the study of assessing the potential nanoparticle toxicity to the eyes is of great importance. Here, the recent advance of some representative manufactured nanomaterials on ocular toxicity is summarized. First, a brief introduction of ocular anatomy and disorders related to particulate matter exposure is presented. Following, the factors that may influence toxicity of nanoparticles to the eye are emphasized. Next, the studies of representative manufactured nanoparticles on eye toxicity are summarized and classified. Finally, the limitations that are associated with current nanoparticle-eye toxicity research are proposed.
在过去几十年中，纳米材料的生产和应用得到了极大的发展。纳米颗粒在公众中的广泛暴露引发了人们对其对人体毒性的极大关注。然而，与为研究纳米颗粒对人体/器官的毒性而进行的广泛研究相比，眼睛这一特别脆弱的器官却一直被忽视。尽管眼睛只是人体的一小部分，但90%的外部信息是通过眼部系统获取的。此外，眼睛通常直接与周围环境相互作用，与内部器官相比，可能更容易受到有毒纳米颗粒的严重损害。因此，评估纳米颗粒对眼睛潜在毒性的研究具有重要意义。在此，总结了一些代表性人造纳米材料在眼部毒性方面的最新进展。首先，简要介绍眼部解剖结构以及与接触颗粒物相关的疾病。接着，强调可能影响纳米颗粒对眼睛毒性的因素。然后，总结并分类了代表性人造纳米颗粒对眼睛毒性的研究。最后，提出了当前纳米颗粒-眼睛毒性研究存在的局限性。
