School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Central Florida, Orlando.
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, PA.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019 Nov 19;28(4):1411-1431. doi: 10.1044/2019_AJSLP-18-0169. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
Purpose This retrospective analysis examined group differences in error rate across 4 contextual variables (clusters vs. singletons, syllable position, number of syllables, and articulatory phonetic features) in adults with apraxia of speech (AOS) and adults with aphasia only. Group differences in the distribution of error type across contextual variables were also examined. Method Ten individuals with acquired AOS and aphasia and 11 individuals with aphasia participated in this study. In the context of a 2-group experimental design, the influence of 4 contextual variables on error rate and error type distribution was examined via repetition of 29 multisyllabic words. Error rates were analyzed using Bayesian methods, whereas distribution of error type was examined via descriptive statistics. Results There were 4 findings of robust differences between the 2 groups. These differences were found for syllable position, number of syllables, manner of articulation, and voicing. Group differences were less robust for clusters versus singletons and place of articulation. Results of error type distribution show a high proportion of distortion and substitution errors in speakers with AOS and a high proportion of substitution and omission errors in speakers with aphasia. Conclusion Findings add to the continued effort to improve the understanding and assessment of AOS and aphasia. Several contextual variables more consistently influenced breakdown in participants with AOS compared to participants with aphasia and should be considered during the diagnostic process. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9701690.
本回顾性分析考察了言语失用症(AOS)患者和单纯失语症患者在 4 个语境变量(音节组合与孤立音节、音节位置、音节数量和发音语音特征)中错误率的组间差异,以及错误类型在语境变量中的分布差异。
10 名获得性 AOS 和失语症患者和 11 名单纯失语症患者参与了这项研究。在 2 组实验设计的背景下,通过重复 29 个多音节词,采用贝叶斯方法分析错误率,采用描述性统计方法分析错误类型的分布,考察了 4 个语境变量对错误率和错误类型分布的影响。
2 组之间有 4 个发现存在显著差异。这些差异存在于音节位置、音节数量、发音方式和发音方面。在音节组合与孤立音节和发音部位方面,组间差异不那么显著。错误类型分布的结果显示,言语失用症患者中有很高比例的变形和替代错误,而失语症患者中有很高比例的替代和遗漏错误。
这些发现有助于进一步理解和评估 AOS 和失语症。与失语症患者相比,几个语境变量对 AOS 患者的语言障碍影响更一致,在诊断过程中应加以考虑。