Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Department of Zoology, Weber State University, 1415 Edvalson Street, Dept. 2505, Ogden, UT 84401, USA.
Genes (Basel). 2019 Aug 26;10(9):646. doi: 10.3390/genes10090646.
In this contribution, the aspects of reptile and amphibian speciation that emerged from research performed over the past decade are reviewed. First, this study assesses how patterns and processes of speciation depend on knowing the taxonomy of the group in question, and discuss how integrative taxonomy has contributed to speciation research in these groups. This study then reviews the research on different aspects of speciation in reptiles and amphibians, including biogeography and climatic niches, ecological speciation, the relationship between speciation rates and phenotypic traits, and genetics and genomics. Further, several case studies of speciation in reptiles and amphibians that exemplify many of these themes are discussed. These include studies of integrative taxonomy and biogeography in South American lizards, ecological speciation in European salamanders, speciation and phenotypic evolution in frogs and lizards. The final case study combines genomics and biogeography in tortoises. The field of amphibian and reptile speciation research has steadily moved forward from the assessment of geographic and ecological aspects, to incorporating other dimensions of speciation, such as genetic mechanisms and evolutionary forces. A higher degree of integration among all these dimensions emerges as a goal for future research.
在这篇论文中，回顾了过去十年间在爬行动物和两栖动物物种形成研究中出现的各个方面。首先，本研究评估了物种形成的模式和过程如何取决于对所研究群体的分类学的了解，并讨论了综合分类学如何为这些群体的物种形成研究做出贡献。然后，本研究回顾了爬行动物和两栖动物物种形成的不同方面的研究，包括生物地理学和气候生态位、生态物种形成、物种形成率与表型特征的关系以及遗传学和基因组学。此外，还讨论了几个爬行动物和两栖动物物种形成的案例研究，这些案例研究体现了许多这些主题。其中包括对南美的蜥蜴进行综合分类学和生物地理学研究，对欧洲蝾螈进行生态物种形成研究，对青蛙和蜥蜴的物种形成和表型进化进行研究。最后一个案例研究将遗传学和生物地理学结合在乌龟中进行。两栖动物和爬行动物物种形成研究领域已经从对地理和生态方面的评估稳步推进，到纳入物种形成的其他方面，如遗传机制和进化力量。所有这些方面的更高程度的整合成为未来研究的目标。
