Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4301, USA.
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302-5010, USA.
Personal Ment Health. 2020 Feb;14(1):106-122. doi: 10.1002/pmh.1460. Epub 2019 Aug 27.
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) represents a crucial step forward in the empirical refinement of psychiatric nosology. Although grounded in factor analyses of clinical symptoms and affiliated traits, HiTOP encourages research using measures of other types, including neural-system variables, to clarify coherent processes contributing to the hierarchical structure of psychopathology. However, systematic strategies for interfacing HiTOP dimensions with neural-system variables have not been put forth. We discuss reasons for considering neurobiological systems in relation to HiTOP (i.e. 'why') and propose alternative strategies that might be used to develop an interface between HiTOP and neurobiology (i.e. 'how'). In particular, we highlight potential advantages and limitations of establishing this interface through reference to (i) HiTOP dimensions themselves, or conventional personality trait models linked to HiTOP; (ii) alternative trait constructs designed to link conventional personality models and neurobiological measures; and (iii) mechanistic models of neurobiological processes relevant to HiTOP constructs, derived from computational modelling. We discuss the importance of establishing an interface between HiTOP and neurobiology to develop a more comprehensive, mechanistic understanding of psychopathology and to guide the refinement of the HiTOP model. Such efforts have the potential to guide the development and provision of effective, individualized psychological treatment.
精神病理学的分层分类法（HiTOP）代表了精神病学分类学实证细化方面的重要进展。尽管它基于临床症状和相关特征的因子分析，但 HiTOP 鼓励使用其他类型的测量方法，包括神经系统变量，以阐明有助于精神病理学分层结构的连贯过程。然而，尚未提出将 HiTOP 维度与神经系统变量接口的系统策略。我们讨论了考虑与 HiTOP 相关的神经生物学系统的原因（即“为什么”），并提出了可能用于在 HiTOP 和神经生物学之间建立接口的替代策略（即“如何”）。特别是，我们通过参考（i）HiTOP 维度本身，或与 HiTOP 相关的传统人格特质模型；（ii）旨在连接传统人格模型和神经生物学测量的替代特质结构；以及（iii）源自计算建模的与 HiTOP 结构相关的神经生物学过程的机制模型，突出了通过参考建立这种接口的潜在优势和局限性。我们讨论了在 HiTOP 和神经生物学之间建立接口的重要性，以开发更全面、更具机制性的精神病理学理解，并指导 HiTOP 模型的细化。这些努力有可能指导有效的、个体化的心理治疗的发展和提供。
