Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2019;16(8):698-711. doi: 10.2174/1567201816666190828153017.
Many drugs have been designed to treat diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), especially neurodegenerative diseases. However, the presence of tight junctions at the blood-brain barrier has often compromised the efficiency of drug delivery to target sites in the brain. The principles of drug delivery systems across the blood-brain barrier are dependent on substrate-specific (i.e. protein transport and transcytosis) and non-specific (i.e. transcellular and paracellular) transport pathways, which are crucial factors in attempts to design efficient drug delivery strategies. This review describes how the blood-brain barrier presents the main challenge in delivering drugs to treat brain diseases and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of ongoing neurotherapeutic delivery strategies in overcoming this limitation. In addition, we discuss the application of colloidal carrier systems, particularly nanoparticles, as potential tools for therapy for the CNS diseases.
许多药物被设计用于治疗中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病，特别是神经退行性疾病。然而，血脑屏障中紧密连接的存在常常影响了药物向大脑靶部位的传递效率。药物传递系统穿过血脑屏障的原理取决于底物特异性（即蛋白转运和胞吞作用）和非特异性（即细胞间和细胞旁）转运途径，这些是尝试设计有效药物传递策略的关键因素。本综述描述了血脑屏障在递送至大脑疾病治疗药物时所面临的主要挑战，并讨论了当前神经治疗传递策略在克服这一限制方面的优缺点。此外，我们还讨论了胶体载体系统，特别是纳米颗粒，作为治疗中枢神经系统疾病的潜在工具的应用。
