Gupta Mandeep Kumar, Chauhan Kanupriya, Bhardwaj Snigdha, Srivastava Rajnish
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemsitry, Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, 244001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pharmacology, Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, 244001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Jun 27. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10632-0.
Neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, create more challenges as the population gets older and there are no curative therapies available. Recent advances in gut microbiome research have spotlighted postbiotics and psychobiotics as innovative therapeutic strategies targeting the gut-brain axis to alleviate neurodegenerative symptoms and slow disease progression. Postbiotics, which are metabolites and cellular components released by probiotic bacteria, and psychobiotics, a class of probiotics with potential mental health benefits, offer novel approaches to neuroprotection. This chapter examines the ways in which postbiotics and psychobiotics modulate inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophic factors, and gut barrier integrity to provide neuroprotective effects. We review scientific research that highlights the efficacy of specific microbial strains and their metabolites in enhancing cognitive function and reducing neurodegeneration. In addition, we explore the consequences of diet and specific nutrition on strengthening the therapeutic results of these medications. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a detailed analysis of the existing data supporting the use of postbiotics and psychobiotics in both the prevention and management of neurological diseases. By integrating perspectives from microbiology, neurology, and clinical nutrition, we highlight the potential of these interventions to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life. In addition, we discuss the translational limitations and future research approaches required to successfully transition these microbiome-based treatments from the laboratory to clinical practice, emphasizing the importance of a holistic and personalized approach in combating neurodegenerative diseases.
神经退行性疾病，包括亨廷顿舞蹈症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病，随着人口老龄化带来了更多挑战，且目前尚无治愈疗法。肠道微生物组研究的最新进展使后生元和精神益生菌成为靶向肠-脑轴的创新治疗策略，以减轻神经退行性症状并减缓疾病进展。后生元是益生菌释放的代谢产物和细胞成分，而精神益生菌是一类对心理健康有潜在益处的益生菌，它们为神经保护提供了新方法。本章探讨后生元和精神益生菌调节炎症、氧化应激、神经营养因子和肠道屏障完整性以提供神经保护作用的方式。我们回顾了突出特定微生物菌株及其代谢产物在增强认知功能和减少神经退行性变方面功效的科学研究。此外，我们探讨饮食和特定营养对增强这些药物治疗效果的影响。本章的目的是对支持后生元和精神益生菌用于预防和管理神经疾病的现有数据进行详细分析。通过整合微生物学、神经学和临床营养的观点，我们强调这些干预措施改善患者预后和生活质量的潜力。此外，我们讨论了将这些基于微生物组的治疗方法从实验室成功转化为临床实践所需克服的转化局限性和未来研究方法，强调了采用整体和个性化方法对抗神经退行性疾病的重要性。
