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南非的医生给塞门亚服用降低睾丸激素的药物在道德或法律上是否可行?

Would it be ethical or legal for doctors in South Africa to administer testosterone-reducing drugs to Caster Semenya?

机构信息

Centre for Socio-Legal Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

出版信息

S Afr Med J. 2019 Jul 26;109(8):552-554. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i8.14146.

Abstract

The Court of Arbitration for Sport recently confirmed that the decision by the International Association of Athletics Federations to require hyperandrogenic female athletes such as Caster Semenya to reduce their testosterone levels to compete in certain races has been widely condemned. The World Medical Association has warned doctors not to assist in implementing the decision, as it would be unethical. The same would apply in terms of the Health Professions Council of South Africa's rules of professional conduct. Such treatment is 'futile' in medical terms, and does not serve the purpose of providing healthcare. Therefore, doctors may lawfully refuse to prescribe it. The decision is a violation of Semenya's constitutional rights and would be regarded as unethical should doctors comply with it. However, the prescription of such drugs would not be unlawful if Semenya gave informed consent to taking them. Such consent would not be a defence to a disciplinary hearing on unprofessional conduct, but would be a good defence to any legal action arising from unpleasant side-effects - provided they were explained to her.

摘要

近期,体育仲裁法庭证实,国际田径联合会要求像塞门娅这样的高睾丸素女性运动员降低其睾丸激素水平,以参加某些比赛的决定,受到了广泛谴责。世界医学协会已警告医生不要协助执行该决定,因为这是不道德的。南非健康职业理事会的职业行为规则也同样适用。从医学角度来看,这种治疗是“无效的”,并不能达到提供医疗保健的目的。因此,医生可以合法拒绝开这种药。该决定侵犯了塞门娅的宪法权利,如果医生遵守该决定,将被视为不道德的。然而,如果塞门娅知情同意服用这些药物,那么开这些药物就不违法。这种同意不能作为对不专业行为纪律处分听证的辩护,但如果因不愉快的副作用而产生任何法律诉讼,这将是一个很好的辩护——只要向她解释了这些副作用。

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