Department of Psychology, Temple University, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA19122, USA.
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Psychol Med. 2020 Sep;50(12):2066-2074. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002186. Epub 2019 Aug 29.
Most studies examining predictors of the onset of depression focus on variable centered regression methods that focus on the effects of multiple predictors. In contrast, person-centered approaches develop profiles of factors and these profiles can be examined as predictors of onset. Here, we developed profiles of adolescent psychosocial and clinical functioning among adolescents without a history of major depression.
Data come from a subsample of participants from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who completed self-report measures of functioning in adolescence and completed diagnostic and self-report measures at follow-up assessments up to approximately 15 years after baseline.
We identified four profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning: Thriving; Average Functioning; Externalizing Vulnerability and Family Stress and Internalizing Vulnerability at the baseline assessment of participants without a history of depression at the initial assessment in mid-adolescence. Classes differed in the likelihood of onset and course of depressive disorders, experience of later anxiety and substance use disorders, and psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Moreover, the predictive utility of these classes was maintained when controlling for multiple other established risk factors for depressive disorders.
This work highlights the utility of examining multiple factors simultaneously to understand risk for depression.
大多数研究抑郁发作预测因素的研究都集中在变量为中心的回归方法上，这些方法侧重于多个预测因素的影响。相比之下，以人为中心的方法会形成因素的特征，并可以将这些特征作为发作的预测因素进行研究。在这里，我们在没有重度抑郁症病史的青少年中形成了青少年心理社会和临床功能的特征。
数据来自俄勒冈州青少年抑郁项目的参与者的子样本，他们在青少年时期完成了功能的自我报告测量，并在随访评估中完成了诊断和自我报告测量，随访时间大约在基线后 15 年。
我们在没有抑郁史的参与者的基线评估中确定了四个心理社会和临床功能特征：茁壮成长；平均功能；外部易损性和家庭压力，以及内部易损性。在青少年中期的初始评估中，各班级在抑郁障碍发作和病程的可能性、后来的焦虑和物质使用障碍的经历以及成年后的心理社会功能方面存在差异。此外，当控制多个其他抑郁障碍的既定风险因素时，这些类别的预测效用仍然存在。
这项工作强调了同时检查多个因素以了解抑郁风险的效用。
