Maina Florence, Mburu John, Gitau George, VanLeeuwen John
Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Clinical Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2020 Mar;52(2):533-539. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-02039-1. Epub 2019 Aug 29.
This paper highlights the factors likely to influence the economic efficiency of small-scale dairy farms in Mukurweini, Nyeri County, Kenya. A total of 91 small-scale dairy farms previously involved in a nutritional training in 2013 were administered with semi-structured questionnaires. Data collected were entered into SPSS and FRONTIER 4.1 was used to compute the technical, allocative and economic efficiency scores for each farm. The scores were then regressed against a set of variables using the Tobit model in STATA to determine the factors associated with the scores. The average age of the household members involved in dairy farming, household size, labour, cost of concentrates and size of land owned had a negative significant influence on economic efficiency. It was concluded that lowering costs, proper utilization of hired labour and intensive use of the available land for dairy farming would lead to an increase in economic efficiency. The study recommends subsidized prices for concentrates, intensive dairy farming, minimization of hired labour and organization of dairy training and workshops in order to increase the efficiency of milk production in small-scale farms in the study area and other parts of Kenya with similar agro-ecological and cultural conditions.
本文着重探讨了可能影响肯尼亚内罗毕郡穆库韦尼小型奶牛场经济效率的因素。对2013年曾参与营养培训的91个小型奶牛场进行了半结构化问卷调查。收集到的数据录入SPSS软件，并使用FRONTIER 4.1计算每个农场的技术效率、配置效率和经济效率得分。然后，利用STATA中的Tobit模型，将这些得分与一组变量进行回归分析，以确定与得分相关的因素。参与奶牛养殖的家庭成员平均年龄、家庭规模、劳动力、精饲料成本以及拥有的土地面积对经济效率有显著负面影响。研究得出结论，降低成本、合理利用雇佣劳动力以及集约利用现有土地进行奶牛养殖将提高经济效率。该研究建议提供精饲料补贴价格、集约型奶牛养殖、尽量减少雇佣劳动力，并组织奶牛养殖培训和研讨会，以提高研究区域以及肯尼亚其他具有相似农业生态和文化条件地区小型农场的牛奶生产效率。
