Yang Kwan Yeol, Yong Chul Soon, Choi Hye Duck, Kim Jong Oh
College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2019;28(3):476-485. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.201909_28(3).0007.
Obesity and diet contribute to the development of hypercholesterolemia; therefore, controlling blood lipid concentration through diet is essential. To understand the role of diet in controlling blood lipid concentration, we evaluated the food and nutrient intakes, anthropometry, and blood lipid concentrations of adults with dyslipidemia with or without lipid-lowering drug use.
For this crosssectional study, three-year data were obtained from the 6th-7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015-2017). Patients with dyslipidemia were categorized as users (1,734) or nonusers (856) of lipidlowering drugs.
Age, education level, marital status, self-reported health status, hypertension, diabetes, and alcohol intake were significantly different between users and nonusers (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between hypertension and diabetes and blood cholesterol status among users. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly lower in users than in nonusers. During the study period, intake of saturated fatty acids increased significantly among users and nonusers, and intakes of vitamins A and C decreased significantly with potential detrimental health effects. However, intakes of n-3 fatty acids and dietary fiber significantly increased in users and nonusers with potential health benefits. Intakes of vegetables and fish significantly increased in users. No associations were observed between intakes of nuts, fruits, or vegetables and blood cholesterol status.
Changes in personal behaviors of dyslipidemic patients need reinforcement for effective blood lipid management, particularly for optimal food intake patterns, whether lipid-lowering drug users or nonusers.
肥胖和饮食会导致高胆固醇血症的发生；因此，通过饮食控制血脂浓度至关重要。为了解饮食在控制血脂浓度中的作用，我们评估了使用或未使用降脂药物的血脂异常成年人的食物和营养摄入量、人体测量指标以及血脂浓度。
在这项横断面研究中，我们从第六至第七次韩国国民健康与营养检查调查（2015 - 2017年）中获取了三年的数据。血脂异常患者被分为降脂药物使用者（1734人）和非使用者（856人）。
使用者和非使用者在年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、自我报告的健康状况、高血压、糖尿病和酒精摄入量方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，使用者中高血压和糖尿病与血液胆固醇状况之间存在显著关联。使用者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著低于非使用者。在研究期间，使用者和非使用者的饱和脂肪酸摄入量均显著增加，维生素A和C的摄入量显著下降，可能对健康产生不利影响。然而，使用者和非使用者的n-3脂肪酸和膳食纤维摄入量显著增加，可能对健康有益。使用者的蔬菜和鱼类摄入量显著增加。未观察到坚果、水果或蔬菜的摄入量与血液胆固醇状况之间存在关联。
无论是降脂药物使用者还是非使用者，为了有效管理血脂，尤其是优化食物摄入模式，血脂异常患者的个人行为改变都需要加强。
