水中运动训练对 2 型糖尿病患者的影响。

The Effects of Water-based Exercise Training in People with Type 2 Diabetes.

机构信息

School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA.

Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Feb;52(2):417-424. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002133.

DOI:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002133

PMID:31469709

Abstract

PURPOSE

To investigate the effects of 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training in people with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

Thirteen participants with type 2 diabetes (54% male; 60.9 ± 9.6 yr, mean ± standard deviation) completed 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training at a moderate intensity (60%-80% of exercise test-derived maximum HR), for 1 h, three times a week (TG). Fourteen participants (64% male; 63.9 ± 9.8 yr) acted as a control group (CG) who maintained their usual activities. Preintervention and postintervention, participants performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing to determine V˙O2peak and one-repetition maximum testing to assess muscular strength. Blood profiles were assessed with standard assays. Body mass index and waist/hip ratio were employed as measures of anthropometry. Endothelium-dependent (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation) and independent (glyceryl trinitrate-mediated) function were assessed using vascular ultrasound.

RESULTS

Water-based training increased V˙O2peak (18.5 ± 4.3 mL·kg·min to 21.5 ± 5.4 mL·kg·min) (P = 0.002), overall muscle strength (123 ± 44 kg to 139 ± 43 kg) and leg strength (92 ± 28 kg to 104 ± 29 kg), compared with the CG (P = 0.001). The effect on pectoral strength (31 ± 17 kg to 35 ± 16 kg) was not significantly different to the CG (24 ± 12 kg to 26 ± 14 kg) (P = 0.08). No change was observed in anthropometry, blood profiles, or glyceryl trinitrate-mediated vascular function. Flow-mediated dilation was increased after training (6.1% ± 2.4% to 6.5% ± 3.0%), compared with controls who demonstrated a slight decrease (6.2% ± 1.6% to 5.4% ± 1.6%) (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS

Water-based circuit training was well tolerated and appears to be an effective exercise modality for improving aerobic fitness, strength, and vascular function in people with type 2 diabetes.

摘要

目的

研究 8 周直立水基运动训练对 2 型糖尿病患者的影响。

方法

13 名 2 型糖尿病患者（54%为男性；60.9±9.6 岁，均值±标准差）完成 8 周的直立水基运动训练，强度适中（运动试验得出的最大心率的 60%-80%），每周 3 次，每次 1 小时（TG 组）。14 名参与者（64%为男性；63.9±9.8 岁）作为对照组（CG 组），保持他们的日常活动。在干预前和干预后，参与者进行心肺运动测试以确定 V˙O2peak，进行一次重复最大测试以评估肌肉力量。采用标准测定法评估血液谱。体重指数和腰臀比用于人体测量。采用血管超声评估内皮依赖性（肱动脉血流介导的扩张）和独立（硝化甘油介导）功能。

结果

水基训练使 V˙O2peak（18.5±4.3mL·kg·min 增加到 21.5±5.4mL·kg·min）（P=0.002）、整体肌肉力量（123±44kg 增加到 139±43kg）和腿部力量（92±28kg 增加到 104±29kg）均得到提高，与 CG 组相比（P=0.001）。与 CG 组相比（31±17kg 增加到 35±16kg）（P=0.08），对胸肌力量（24±12kg 增加到 26±14kg）的影响无明显差异。人体测量、血液谱或硝化甘油介导的血管功能均未发生变化。与对照组相比，血流介导的扩张在训练后增加（6.1%±2.4%增加到 6.5%±3.0%）（P=0.002）。