Department of Nursing, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil.
Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Am J Ind Med. 2019 Nov;62(11):996-1006. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23041. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
To investigate the relationship between precarious working conditions and the health of bus drivers and conductors.
Data were gathered by means of a survey and interviews conducted in 2012 with 1607 employees of the public transport system of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Nine proxy variables were used to create a precariousness score, ranging from 0 to 9, on a comparative scale: score 0 "less precarious" and 9 "more precarious." Negative self-evaluations of health, medical diagnoses of depression and sleep disorders, common mental disorders, musculoskeletal pain and medical leave were assessed. Poisson regression was used to assess associations between precariousness and health adjusted for age, sex, education, vibration, and noise.
The sample was composed of 853 drivers and 754 conductors. Most were men (87%), with age below 40 years (67.4%) and medium educational level (64.5%). The maximum precariousness score observed was 7. Most individuals were in the groups of scores 3 (26.7%) and 4 (26.1%). The prevalences of the health situations were: common mental disorders, 26.3%; medical diagnosis of depression, 9.7%; medical diagnosis of sleep disorder, 14.6%; musculoskeletal pain, 43.0%; medical leave (absenteeism), 34.8%; and negative self-evaluation of health, 20.2%. The prevalences of health conditions, with the exception of negative self-evaluations of health, were significantly higher among workers with higher levels of precarious working conditions.
Worse health, particularly common mental disorders, was associated with self-assessed work precariousness.
调查不稳定工作条件与公共汽车司机和售票员健康之间的关系。
2012 年，采用调查和访谈的方式，对巴西贝洛奥里藏特大都市区公共交通系统的 1607 名员工进行了数据收集。使用 9 个代理变量在比较范围内创建不稳定得分，范围从 0 到 9：得分 0 表示“较不稳定”，得分 9 表示“更不稳定”。评估了健康的负面自我评价、抑郁和睡眠障碍的医学诊断、常见精神障碍、肌肉骨骼疼痛和病假。使用泊松回归来评估在调整年龄、性别、教育、振动和噪音后，不稳定与健康之间的关联。
样本由 853 名驾驶员和 754 名售票员组成。大多数是男性（87%），年龄低于 40 岁（67.4%），教育水平中等（64.5%）。观察到的最大不稳定得分是 7。大多数人处于 3 分（26.7%）和 4 分（26.1%）的分数组。健康状况的患病率为：常见精神障碍 26.3%；抑郁的医学诊断 9.7%；睡眠障碍的医学诊断 14.6%；肌肉骨骼疼痛 43.0%；病假（旷工）34.8%；健康自我评价不佳 20.2%。除了健康自我评价不佳外，具有较高不稳定工作条件的工人的健康状况患病率明显较高。
较差的健康状况，特别是常见的精神障碍，与自我评估的工作不稳定有关。
