School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Agriculture University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana.
Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Nov 15;224:115141. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115141. Epub 2019 Aug 2.
Gums are a class of naturally occurring polysaccharides/carbohydrate polymers derived from renewable sources, which have the capacity to hydrate in water either by forming a gel or stabilizing emulsion systems. Among the substitutes recently considered to replace the application of petroleum-derived polymers against postharvest diseases and shelf life extension, gums and their derivatives have been considered as promising biocontrol products. Polysaccharide gum coatings provide a semipermeable barrier on the surface of produce to reduce respiration rate, weight loss and maintain the nutritional value. Gums have been used as excellent vehicles for active substances, also controlling the speed of diffusion of these, and improving the control of the maturation of fruit and vegetable. Additionally, plant extracts, essential oils, phenolic compounds, and vitamins can be incorporated into polysaccharides edible coatings in order to improve their mechanical barrier, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Gums have many advantages over the synthetic polymers, because they have been approved as GRAS by FAO, and their use is safe for the consumer and eco-friendly. This review aims to highlight the most relevant and current information in the use of polysaccharides in postharvest shelf life extension and preservation of overall quality of fruits and vegetables.
胶是一类天然存在的多糖/碳水化合物聚合物，来源于可再生资源，具有在水中水合的能力，要么形成凝胶，要么稳定乳液体系。在最近被认为可以替代石油衍生聚合物用于采后疾病防治和延长货架期的替代品中，胶及其衍生物被认为是有前途的生物防治产品。多糖胶涂层在农产品表面形成半透性屏障，以降低呼吸速率、失重并保持营养价值。胶已被用作活性物质的优良载体，还可以控制这些物质的扩散速度，从而改善对水果和蔬菜成熟的控制。此外，植物提取物、精油、酚类化合物和维生素可以掺入多糖可食用涂层中，以提高其机械阻隔、抗氧化和抗菌性能。胶比合成聚合物有许多优势，因为它们已被粮农组织（FAO）批准为 GRAS，其使用对消费者是安全的，并且对环境友好。本文综述旨在强调多糖在延长采后货架期和保持水果和蔬菜整体质量方面的最新信息。
