测定肝和脂肪组织中从头合成脂肪酸和甘油的外源性葡萄糖和果糖的贡献。

Determining contributions of exogenous glucose and fructose to de novo fatty acid and glycerol synthesis in liver and adipose tissue.

机构信息

Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal.

CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School / Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

出版信息

Metab Eng. 2019 Dec;56:69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.08.018. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

Abstract

The de novo synthesis of triglyceride (TG) fatty acids (FA) and glycerol can be measured with stable isotope tracers. However, these methods typically do not inform the contribution of a given substrate to specific pathways on these synthetic processes. We integrated deuterated water (HO) measurement of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and glycerol-3-phosphate (GLY) synthesis from all substrates with a C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method that quantifies TG FA and glycerol enrichment from a specific [U-C]precursor. This allowed the [U-C]precursor contribution to DNL and GLY to be estimated. We applied this method in mice to determine the contributions of fructose and glucose supplemented in the drinking water to DNL and GLY in liver, mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT). In liver, fructose contributed significantly more to DNL of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and oleate as well as to GLY compared to glucose. Moreover, its contribution to SFA synthesis was significantly higher compared to that of oleate. MAT and SCAT had lower fractional rates of total DNL and GLY compared to liver and glucose was utilized more predominantly than fructose for TG synthesis in these tissues. This novel HO/C integrated method revealed for the first time, tissue specific selection of substrates for DNL, particularly fructose in regard to glucose in liver. Also, this approach was able to resolve the distribution of specific FAs into the TG sn2 and sn1,3 sites. This stable isotope integrated approach yielded information so far uncovered by other lipidomic tools and should powerfully assist in other nutritional, pathological or environmental contexts.

摘要

从头合成甘油三酯 (TG) 脂肪酸 (FA) 和甘油可以用稳定同位素示踪剂来测量。然而,这些方法通常不能说明特定底物对这些合成过程中特定途径的贡献。我们将氘代水 (HO) 测量从头脂肪生成 (DNL) 和来自所有底物的甘油-3-磷酸 (GLY) 合成与 C 核磁共振 (NMR) 方法相结合,该方法可定量从特定 [U-C] 前体 TG FA 和甘油的富集。这使得可以估计 [U-C] 前体对 DNL 和 GLY 的贡献。我们在小鼠中应用该方法来确定饮用水中添加的果糖和葡萄糖对肝脏、肠系膜脂肪组织 (MAT) 和皮下脂肪组织 (SCAT) 中 DNL 和 GLY 的贡献。在肝脏中,与葡萄糖相比,果糖对饱和脂肪酸 (SFA) 和油酸的 DNL 以及 GLY 的贡献明显更大。此外,其对 SFA 合成的贡献明显高于油酸。与肝脏相比,MAT 和 SCAT 的总 DNL 和 GLY 分数率较低,并且在这些组织中,葡萄糖比果糖更主要地用于 TG 合成。这种新的 HO/C 综合方法首次揭示了组织对 DNL 特别是对肝脏中葡萄糖的底物的特异性选择。此外,该方法能够将特定 FA 分配到 TG sn2 和 sn1,3 位。这种稳定同位素综合方法提供了迄今为止其他脂质组学工具无法揭示的信息,应该在其他营养、病理或环境背景下有力地辅助研究。

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