J. Durán, MD, MS, Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile;
L. Massardo, MD, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián.
J Rheumatol. 2020 Jul 1;47(7):951-958. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.190396. Epub 2019 Sep 1.
Genetic and environmental backgrounds influence the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In Latin America, epidemiologic data are scarce. We aimed to determine the prevalence of RA in Chile in a population-based study.
The National Health Survey was a cross-sectional household survey with a stratified multistage probability sample of 6233 participants performed between August 2016 and March 2017. A screening instrument for RA was applied to a random sample of 3847 subjects > 30 years old. Positive screening was defined by at least 1 of the following: 2 swollen joints for at least 4 consecutive weeks (past/present), and/or a diagnosis of arthritis in the past. Individuals with positive screening had rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies, and C-reactive protein measured, as well as clinical examination performed by a rheumatologist. Self-report of doctor-diagnosed RA was also performed.
The screening questionnaire was applied to 2998 subjects. A positive screening was found for 783 (22.1%). Among subjects with positive screening, 493 (66%) had a clinical evaluation performed by a rheumatologist. Using the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2010 classification criteria, prevalence was 0.6% (95% CI 0.3-1.2). Prevalence was higher in women, and 3.3% of subjects self-reported having RA.
According to this national population-based study, RA prevalence in Chile is 0.6% (0.3-1.2), a value similar to what has been found in developed countries and slightly lower than some Latin American countries. Self-reporting leads to overestimating RA.
遗传和环境背景会影响类风湿关节炎（RA）的发生。在拉丁美洲，流行病学数据较为匮乏。本研究旨在通过一项基于人群的研究，确定智利 RA 的患病率。
国家健康调查是一项横断面家庭调查，对 2016 年 8 月至 2017 年 3 月期间进行的分层多阶段概率抽样的 6233 名参与者进行了调查。对 3847 名年龄>30 岁的随机样本应用 RA 筛查工具。通过以下至少 1 项指标定义为阳性筛查：2 个至少连续 4 周肿胀的关节（过去/现在）和/或过去被诊断为关节炎。对阳性筛查者检测类风湿因子、抗瓜氨酸蛋白抗体和 C 反应蛋白，并由风湿病专家进行临床检查。同时对自我报告的医生诊断 RA 进行了调查。
共对 2998 名受试者应用了筛查问卷。有 783 名（22.1%）受试者筛查阳性。在筛查阳性的受试者中，493 名（66%）接受了风湿病专家的临床评估。根据美国风湿病学会/欧洲抗风湿病联盟 2010 分类标准，患病率为 0.6%（95%CI 0.3-1.2）。女性患病率较高，有 3.3%的受试者自我报告患有 RA。
根据这项全国性基于人群的研究，智利的 RA 患病率为 0.6%（0.3-1.2），与发达国家相似，略低于一些拉丁美洲国家。自我报告会导致 RA 患病率高估。
