Pires Lucas Alves Sarmento, Leite Tulio Fabiano de Oliveira, Fonseca Junior Albino, Babinski Marcio Antonio, Chagas Carlos Alberto Araujo
Medical Sciences Post Graduation Program, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.
Morphology Department, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.
Homo. 2019 Aug 29;70(1):75-84. doi: 10.1127/homo/2019/1025.
The olecranon aperture is an anatomical variant of the humerus that communicates the olecranon fossa with the coronoid fossa. It is also known as the supratrochlear foramen. Older anatomical textbooks refer to it as a rare variation caused by the perforation of the thin bony plate which separates both fossae. This anatomical variant may be confused as an osteolytic lesion of the humerus in radiographic images. The present work aims to perform a meta-analysis of the olecranon aperture. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using I2 estimation and the Cochran Q statistic test. A random effect model was used for all analyses. A total of sixty-one studies (20,338 humeri) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of the olecranon aperture was 21.9% (95% confidence interval: 18.6% to 25.3%). This variant was more commonly found in female than in male bones (statistically significant difference). The olecranon aperture is a common anatomical variant among the general population, although individuals from Africa possess a higher predisposition to develop it. The name supratrochlear foramen is incorrect, as foramina are conduit to vessels or nerves, as such, we propose the term olecranon aperture.
鹰嘴孔是肱骨的一种解剖变异，它使鹰嘴窝与冠突窝相通。它也被称为滑车上孔。早期的解剖学教科书将其称为由分隔两个窝的薄骨板穿孔引起的罕见变异。在放射影像中，这种解剖变异可能会被误诊为肱骨的溶骨性病变。本研究旨在对鹰嘴孔进行荟萃分析。使用I²估计和Cochran Q统计检验评估研究之间的异质性。所有分析均采用随机效应模型。本荟萃分析共纳入61项研究（20338例肱骨）。鹰嘴孔的合并患病率为21.9%（95%置信区间：18.6%至25.3%）。这种变异在女性骨骼中比在男性骨骼中更常见（差异有统计学意义）。鹰嘴孔在普通人群中是一种常见的解剖变异，尽管非洲人更易出现这种变异。滑车上孔这个名称是不正确的，因为孔是血管或神经的通道，因此，我们建议使用鹰嘴孔这个术语。
