Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Biomedical Research Centrum, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;71(3):861-878. doi: 10.3233/JAD-190460.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia, which cannot be cured at the moment. Therefore, researchers also look for the alternative approaches to its treatment. It is suggested that changes in human gut microbiome mediated by exercise could influence the development and progression of AD and a new term "muscle-gut-brain axis" is introduced. There is much evidence to support this assumption. The gut microbiology is closely related to a wide range of diseases of the nervous system and therefore any negative qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of the gut microbiota can potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of AD. Research shows that the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis with probiotics/synbiotics/eubiotics can prevent or alleviate the symptoms of these chronic neurological diseases. Studies also point to the positive effects of movement on the health of seniors. A positive correlation can be found between cognitive functions and physical stress, both in the elderly and in AD patients. Even short-term interventions with a relatively low frequency seem to produce positive results, while physical activities can be performed by using relatively simple and cost-effective means. In addition, physical activity can significantly modulate gut microbiome. Thus, it can be concluded that physical activity in humans seems to correlate with gut microbiome, which can prevent the incidence and development of AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆症形式之一，目前无法治愈。因此，研究人员也在寻找治疗该病的替代方法。有研究表明，运动引起的人类肠道微生物组的变化可能会影响 AD 的发生和发展，并引入了一个新术语“肌肉-肠道-大脑轴”。有大量证据支持这一假设。肠道微生物群与广泛的神经系统疾病密切相关，因此肠道微生物群组成的任何负面的定性和定量变化都可能有助于 AD 的病理生理学。研究表明，用益生菌/合生菌/益生素治疗肠道菌群失调可以预防或减轻这些慢性神经疾病的症状。研究还指出运动对老年人健康的积极影响。在老年人和 AD 患者中，认知功能和身体压力之间都存在正相关关系。即使是频率相对较低的短期干预似乎也能产生积极的结果，而且可以通过相对简单和具有成本效益的手段进行身体活动。此外，身体活动可以显著调节肠道微生物群。因此，可以得出结论，人类的身体活动似乎与肠道微生物群相关，这可以预防 AD 的发生和发展。
