Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2019 Nov;17(9):452-457. doi: 10.1089/met.2019.0037. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
To investigate the olfaction and taste functions in obese female patients and the association between serum ghrelin and leptin levels compared with healthy controls. Fifty-two obese women, who have a body mass index >30 kg/m, and 15 healthy women were included in the study. After 8 hrs fasting, blood samples were taken for serum biochemical parameters, ghrelin, and leptin level measurement. For the quantitative assessment of olfactory function, all participants underwent an N-butanol threshold test and odor identification test using 12 Sniffin' Sticks fragrance sticks. The gustatory function was tested by administering a whole-mouth above threshold test using sucrose solutions. The sucrose taste threshold score in obese women was significantly higher than the controls ( = 0.004). We found positively significant correlation between serum ghrelin levels and n-butanol threshold scores in obese women ( = 0.300, = 0.031). N-butanol smell threshold was not significantly different between the two groups ( = 0.149), while the Sniffin' Sticks smell test scores were significantly lower in obese women compared with the controls ( = 0.007). Serum leptin levels were also significantly higher in obese women ( < 0.001) although there was no significant difference in serum ghrelin levels between the two groups ( = 0.768). There was no correlation between serum leptin levels and Sniffin' Sticks scores, n-butanol, and sucrose taste threshold scores in obese women. These results might suggest that leptin, which is an anorexigenic peptide, may have a negative effect on taste and smell functions. More studies are warranted to elucidate the exact role of ghrelin secretion on olfaction and taste functions.
探究肥胖女性患者的嗅觉和味觉功能，以及与健康对照组相比，血清 ghrelin 和 leptin 水平的相关性。
共纳入 52 名 BMI＞30kg/m2 的肥胖女性和 15 名健康女性。禁食 8 小时后，采集血样以测量血清生化参数、ghrelin 和 leptin 水平。为了评估嗅觉功能，所有参与者均接受 N-丁醇阈值测试和使用 12 根“Sniffin' Sticks”嗅棒进行气味识别测试。味觉功能通过蔗糖溶液全口阈上测试进行测试。
肥胖女性的蔗糖味觉阈值评分明显高于对照组（=0.004）。我们发现肥胖女性的血清 ghrelin 水平与 N-丁醇阈值评分呈正相关（=0.300，=0.031）。两组间 N-丁醇嗅阈无显著差异（=0.149），而肥胖女性的“Sniffin' Sticks”嗅觉测试评分明显低于对照组（=0.007）。尽管两组间血清 ghrelin 水平无显著差异（=0.768），但肥胖女性的血清 leptin 水平明显更高（<0.001）。肥胖女性的血清 leptin 水平与“Sniffin' Sticks”评分、N-丁醇和蔗糖味觉阈值评分之间无相关性。
作为一种厌食性肽，leptin 可能对味觉和嗅觉功能有负面影响。需要进一步研究以阐明 ghrelin 分泌对嗅觉和味觉功能的确切作用。
